respiration Flashcards
(35 cards)
what is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
Glucose → Lactic Acid
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast
glucose ⟶ ethanol + carbon dioxide.
what sports require anaerobic respiration
high intensity. E.g. sprinting
what is the downside of anaerobic respiration(2)
muscle can become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently. build up of lactic acid can lead to cramps.
why does anaerobic respiration kill yeast
build up of ethanol becomes toxic to yeast over time
what are the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast used for(2)
CO2 used to make bread rise, ethanol is used for alcohol
what happens in the cytoplasm(2)
enzymes are made, anaerobic respiration reactions happen
what does the nucleus contain
genetic code for enzymes involved in respiration
what does the mitochondria do
carries out aerobic respiration and provides the cell with energy
what does the cell membrane do
allows gasses and water to pass freely in and out of it. Controls the passage of other molecules.
What happens to breathing rate and body temperature during exercise and why
Both increase as blood flow to the muscles increase as more oxygen and glucose is needed for energy. This means more CO2 is removed. Respiration gives heat as a byproduct.
What colour does limewater turn in the prescience of CO2
Cloudy
What is metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions that happen in a living organism.
What does metabolism include(4)
Digestion, respiration, protein synthesis(plant) and photosynthesis(plant)
What is the difference between synthesis and breakdown reactions
Breakdowns make smaller less complicated molecules while synthesis makes larger more complex molecules
what does cell respiration mean
biochemical pathway that allows the release of energy from glucose. exothermic reaction
why do mitochondria have folded inner membranes
larger SA
what happens during and after vigorous exercise(9)
heart and lungs cant supply oxygen fast enough to fill demand, aerobic respiration produces less energy, anaerobic respiration provides energy, glucose is broken down into lactic acid, lactic acid accumulates in muscles causing fatigue, forced to stop exercise, lactic acid taken from muscles to the liver, lactic acid oxidised to carbon dioxide and water, oxygen debt is repaid
why does anaerobic respiration release less energy
doesn’t break down glucose as completely, lactic acid traps some glucose, its not oxidised
what does repaying the oxygen debt mean
oxidising the lactic acid
what sort of molecule is glycogen
a carbohydrate used as an energy source
what is glycogen made of
glucose joined in chains
where is glycogen found
liver and muscles in animals
