Respiration Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is aerobic respiration?
A series of enzyme-controlled chemical reactions in the mitochondria of cells. Blood carries glucose and oxygen to the cells, they diffuse in and react releasing the stored energy from the glucose.
What is the function of the respiratory system?
To obtain sufficient oxygen for respiration and to remove the equivalent volume of waste gases carbon dioxide and water.
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
GLUCOSE + OXYGEN > CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER + ENERGY
What happens during inspiration?
Intercostal muscles contract lifting ribs up and out; diaphragm contracts and flattens; chest cavity increases in volume and decreases in pressure below the pressure outside the body, sucking air in.
What happens during expiration?
Intercostal muscles relax and ribs move down and in; diaphragm relaxes and domes up; chest cavity decreases in volume and increases in pressure, forcing air out.
What is anaerobic respiration?
A shorter series of enzyme-controlled reactions that partially breaks down glucose releasing only some of the energy stored. This reaction can occur in the absence of oxygen.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
GLUCOSE > LACTIC ACID + ENERGY
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed to remove the toxic lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration, which must be paid back when oxygen is readily available.
How are alveoli adapted for gas exchange?
Good blood supply, large surface area, thin walls, and moist lining.
What occurs during gas exchange in the alveoli?
Oxygen diffuses into the capillary and carbon dioxide diffuses out as the red blood cells and plasma flow around the alveolus.
