Respiratory

Question 1

Distributes air
Exchanges gases
Filters air
Divided into upper and lower tracts

Answer 1

Respiratory System

Question 2

Includes:
Nose
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Larynx

Answer 2

Upper Respiratory Tract

Question 3

Includes:
Trachea
Segments of the bronchial tree
Lungs

Answer 3

Lower Respiratory Tract

Question 4

Converts oxygen into energy

Answer 4

Cellular Respiration

Question 5

External portion consists of a bony, cartilaginous frame covered by skin containing sebaceous glands
The 2 nasal bones meet and are surrounded by the frontal bone to form the root
Surrounded by the maxilla at its base.

Answer 5

Nose

Question 6

Palatine bones separate the nasal and mouth cavities.

Answer 6

Nasal Cavity

Internal portion

Question 7

Causes difficulty swallowing and speaking.

Sometimes the palatine bones fail to unite completely, resulting in this condition.

Answer 7

Cleft Palate

Question 8

Separates the roof of the nose from the cranial cavity

Answer 8

Cribriform Plate

Question 9

Has a rich blood supply

Separates the nasal cavity into right and left cavities

Answer 9

Septum

Question 10

Name the 3 passageways of the nasal cavity:

Answer 10

Superior, Middle, Inferior Meatuses (Opening)

Question 11

External openings to the nasal cavities
Open into the vestibule
Located just inside the nasal cavity; lined with skin

Answer 11

Anterior (External) Nares

Question 12

Explain the sequence of airflow through the nose into the pharynx

Answer 12

Anterior nares to the vestibule to all 3 meatus simultaneously and then to the posterior nares

Question 13

Air passes over, which contains a rich blood supply

Answer 13

Respiratory Mucosa

Question 14

A special sensory membrane containing many olfactory nerve cells and a rich lymphatic plexus

Answer 14

Olfactory Epithelium

Question 15

4 pairs of air-containing spaces open or drain into the nasal cavity
Each is lined with respiratory mucosa

Answer 15

Paranasal Sinuses

Question 16

A tube like structure extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus

Answer 16

Pharynx

Question 17

Name the 3 parts of the Pharynx

Answer 17

1 Nasopharynx
2 Oropharynx
3 Laryngopharynx

Question 18

Where are the Pharyngeal tonsils located?

Answer 18

Nasopharynx

Question 19

Enlarged Pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 19

Adenoids

Question 20

Name the 2 pair of organs contained in the Oropharynx

Answer 20

1 Palatine tonsils

2 Lingual tonsils

Question 21

Procedure when palatine tonsils are removed

Answer 21

Tonsillectomy

Question 22

Serves as a pathway for the respiratory and digestive tracts

Answer 22

Pharynx

Question 23

Positioned between the root of the tongue and the upper end of the trachea
Consists of cartilages attached to one another and surrounding structures by muscle
Lined with a ciliated respiratory mucosa

Answer 23

Larynx

Question 24

Ciliated respiratory mucosa that forms 2 pairs of folds:

Answer 24

Vestibular folds (upper folds)-false vocal cords
Vocal folds (lower folds)-true vocal cords

Question 25

Cavity above the vestibular folds

Answer 25

Vestibule

Question 26

Framework of the larynx is made up of how many cartilages?

Answer 26

Nine

Question 27

3 largest cartilages of the Larynx: Thyroid cartilage (largest) Epiglottis Cricoid cartilage

Answer 27

Single Laryngeal Cartilages

Question 28

3 pairs of smaller cartilages: Arytenoid (most important) Corniculate Cuneiform

Answer 28

Paired Laryngeal Cartilages

Question 29

Insert and originate within the larynx Important in controlling vocal fold length and tension Open and close the glottis

Answer 29

Intrinsic (within same structure) Muscles

Question 30

Insert in the larynx but originate on some other structure

Answer 30

Extrinsic (involves more than 1 structure) Muscles

Question 31

Forms part of the airway to the lungs and protects that airway, produces the voice

Answer 31

Larynx

Question 32

Both play important roles in respiration, vocalization and swallowing

Answer 32

Intrinsic Muscles | Extrinsic Muscles

Question 33

Extends from the larynx to the primary bronchi Wall is composed of adventitia (outer), smooth muscle and C-shaped cartilage rings (middle) and respiratory mucosa (inner) The posterior wall contains many elastic fibers Incomplete rings and posterior elasticity allow esophagus to expand during swallowing Furnishes part of the open airway to the lungs

Answer 33

Trachea

Question 34

How many primary bronchi's does the lower end of the trachea divide into

Answer 34

Two (one on the right and one on the left)

Question 35

Enter the lung and divide into secondary bronchi

Answer 35

Primary Bronchi

Question 36

Branch into bronchioles and eventually divide into alveolar ducts and alveoli

Answer 36

Secondary Bronchi

Question 37

Barrier across which gases are exchanged by alveolar air and blood

Answer 37

Respiratory Membrane

Question 38

A component of the fluid coating the respiratory membrane that reduces surface tension

Answer 38

Surfactant

Question 39

Distribute air to the interior of the lungs | 23 levels of branching produce optimum ability for oxygen transfer to the blood

Answer 39

Bronchi and Alveoli

Question 40

Accomplish gas exchange

Answer 40

Alveoli

Question 41

Protective layer of mucus is a purification mechanism

Answer 41

Mucus Blanket

Question 42

Can "taste" bitter toxins and respond by moving more rapidly in an effort to clear toxin molecules from the airway

Answer 42

Respiratory Cilia

Question 43

Cone-shaped organs extending from the diaphragm to the clavicles

Answer 43

Lungs

Question 44

Slit on the lung's medial surface where the primary bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels enter

Answer 44

Hilum

Question 45

The inferior surface of the lung that rests on the diaphragm

Answer 45

Base

Question 46

Pointed upper margin

Answer 46

Apex

Question 47

Lies against the ribs

Answer 47

Costal Surface

Question 48

Divided into 2 lobes : Superior and Inferior | Has 8 Bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 48

Left lung

Question 49

Divided into 3 lobes : Superior, Middle & Inferior | Has 10 Bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 49

Right Lung

Question 50

Covers the surface of the lungs

Answer 50

Visceral Pleura

Question 51

Responsible for air distribution & gas exchange

Answer 51

Lungs

Question 52

Separates the 3 divisions of the thoracic cavity

Answer 52

Pleura

Question 53

The parts of the thoracic cavity occupied by the lungs

Answer 53

Pleural Divisions

Question 54

The space between the lungs, occupied mainly by the esophagus, trachea, large blood vessels and heart

Answer 54

Mediastinum

Question 55

Plays a major role in inspiration & expiration

Answer 55

Thorax

Question 56

Any infection localized in the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract (nose, pharynx & larynx)

Answer 56

Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)

Question 57

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Answer 57

Rhinitis

Question 58

Pharyngitis, Laryngitis, Tonsillitis

Answer 58

Disorders of the Respiratory Tract

Question 59

Nose Bleed

Answer 59

Epistaxis

Question 60

Deviated Septum & Sleep Apnea

Answer 60

Anatomical Disorders

Question 61

Acute Bronchitis, Pneumonia & Tuberculosis (TB)

Answer 61

Lower Respiratory Infections

Question 62

Destroys vital gas exchange tissues & may spread to other areas Surgery is most effective in localized areas

Answer 62

Lung Cancer

Question 63

- part of the larynx consisting of the vocal cords and the opening between them - affects voice modulation through expansion or contraction

Answer 63

Glottis

Question 64

- Arise from the secondary bronchi - Get smaller & divide into primary bronchioles - Each serves a specific bronchopulmonary segment

Answer 64

Tertiary Bronchi (Segmental Bronchi)

Question 65

Any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides

Answer 65

Bronchioles