Respiratory

Question 1

Inflammatory disease certain allergens will trigger response to your body. It creates an immune response

Answer 1

ASTHMA

Question 2

people that are exposed to secondhand smoking

Answer 2

Pneumonia

Question 3

green type of pneumonia indicate what

Answer 3

bacterial infection

Question 4

yellow type of pneumonia indicate what

Answer 4

viral infection

Question 5

mucus type of pneumonia indicate whate

Answer 5

fluids in lungs that is normal but it over secretes

Question 6

phlegm type of pneumonia indicate what

Answer 6

contains bacteria

Question 7

sputum type of pneumonia indicate what

Answer 7

phlegm and saliva

Question 8

Bronchodilators Classes

Answer 8

Beta-2 Agonists
Anticholinergics
Methylxanthines

Question 9

example of a short acting Beta-2 agonist

Answer 9

albuterol

Question 10

example of a long acting Beta-2 agonist

Answer 10

salmeterol

Question 11

example of a short acting anticholinergic

Answer 11

ipratropium

Question 12

examples of a long acing anticholinergic

Answer 12

tiotropium

Question 13

action of B-2 adrenergic agonists

Answer 13

Binds to Beta 2 adrenergic receptors in the airway leading to relaxation of the smooth muscles in the airways

Question 14

Nursing Considerations of B2-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS

Answer 14

Can cause tachycardia, angina, tremor
● Be very cautious when using in clients with heart disease (increases HR), diabetes (can mask s/s of hypoglycemia), or glaucoma (can increase lOP).
● When using 2 inhalers: use SABA 1st, ensure at least 1 min interval between

Question 15

action of ANTICHOLINERGICS

Answer 15

Action: Block muscarinic receptors in bronchi, leading to decreased bronchoconstriction.

Question 16

Nursing Considerations of ANTICHOLINERGICS

Answer 16

Can be used to abort an ongoing attack.
Available in combo products with SABAs (ex: Albuterol + Ipratropium)

Question 17

action of METHYLXANTHINES

Answer 17

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscles leading to bronchodilation

Question 18

Nursing Considerations of METHYLXANTHINES

Answer 18

Has a narrow therapeutic window
Monitor drug levels. If a dose is missed, do NOT double the next dose

Question 19

It will try to not inflame your lungs

Answer 19

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS

Question 20

examples of Inhaled Corticosteroids

Answer 20

fluticasone, budesonide

Question 21

examples of Oral Corticosteroids

Answer 21

prednisone

Question 22

examples of Leukotriene Modifiers

Answer 22

montelukast

Question 23

action of CORTICOSTEROIDS

Answer 23

Decreases inflammatory mediators, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and vascular permeability (to decrease edema).

Question 24

action of LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST

Answer 24

Suppress leukotrienes: decrease smooth muscle constriction, bronchoconstriction, edema, and mucus secretion

Question 25

are signaling molecules involved in inflammation and the immune response. They play a role in conditions such as asthma, allergy, and arthritis

Answer 25

Leukotrienes

Question 26

action of MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

Answer 26

Reduces the amount of IgE in the blood to limit their ability to trigger an inflammatory reaction

Question 27

difference between first gen and second gen antihistamines

Answer 27

First-generation antihistamines are more likely to cause side effects than second-generation antihistamines because they pass through the blood-brain barrier more easily, main side effects being dizziness

Question 28

examples of a first gen antihistamine

Answer 28

diphenhydramine

Question 29

examples of a second gen antihistamine

Answer 29

loratadine

Question 30

examples of decongestants

Answer 30

pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Question 31

Why should decongestants be used cautiously in patients with hypertension

Answer 31

it's harder for blood to flow through a narrowed blood vessel. This can increase blood pressure

Question 32

examples of H1 antagonists

Answer 32

Diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine,, clemastine, promethazine, hydroxyzine, loratadine, fexofenadine

Question 33

action of H1 ANTAGONISTS

Answer 33

Blocks H1 receptors: decreases flushing, edema, secretions, itching, and pain

Question 34

action of decongestants

Answer 34

Activates a1-adrenergic receptors on nasal blood vessels causing vasoconstriction and shrinking of swollen mucous membranes

Question 35

examples of opoid antitussives

Answer 35

Codeine, Hydrocodone

Question 36

examples of non-opoid antitussives

Answer 36

Dextromethorphan

Question 37

action of ANTITUSSIVES

Answer 37

Elevate the cough threshold, preventing cough

Question 38

examples of EXPECTORANTS

Answer 38

guaifenesin

Question 39

action of EXPECTORANTS

Answer 39

Stimulates the flow of respiratory tract secretions, making the cough more productive

Question 40

examples of MUCOLYTIC

Answer 40

acetylcysteine

Question 41

action of mucolytic

Answer 41

Reacts with mucus to make it more watery. Breaks up thick secretions so they are easier to expel

Question 42

common antibiotics for Respiratory Infections

Answer 42

Amoxicillin, azithromycin, levofloxacin