Respiratory Drugs Flashcards
(51 cards)
1
Q
- The following are short acting beta agonist, EXCEPT:
a. albuterol
b. salmeterol
c. terbutaline
d. metaprotenerol
A
b. salmeterol
2
Q
Selective Beta-2 Agonist. slow onset, asthma prophylaxis, potentiates corticosteroid effects, aerosol inhalation, toxicity: tremor, tachycardia overdose: arrhythmias
A
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Vilanterol
3
Q
Selective Beta-2 Agonist. prompt, DOC in Acute asthmatic bronchospasm, aerosol inhalation, nebulizer and parenteral, toxicity: tremor, tachycardia overdose: arrhythmias
A
Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline
*Terbutaline - available as an oral drug
4
Q
Beta Agonist.
Non selective Aplha- and Beta- Agonist
A
Epinephrine
5
Q
B1 and B2 agonist
A
Isoproterenol
6
Q
- These are inhaled corticosteroids for asthma, EXCEPT:
a. fluticasone
b. beclomethasone
c. budesonide
d. prednisone
A
d. Prednisone (oral systemic steroid)
all the rest are inhaled steroids:
Fluticasone, Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Flunisolide
7
Q
systemic corticosteroids
A
Prednisone
Methylprednisone
8
Q
Inhaled corticosteroids
A
Fluticasone
Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Flunisolide
9
Q
Beta Agonists
A
Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Vilanterol
Epinephrine
Isoproterenol
10
Q
Oral systemic corticosteroids
A
Prednisone
11
Q
- This is a stabilizer of mast and other cells:
A
Cromolyn
Nedocromil
12
Q
Anti interleukin-5 pathway antibodies
A
Mepolizumab
Dupilumab
13
Q
- This bronchodilator is a methylxanthine
A
Theophylline
14
Q
Vilanterol
A
Beta-2 agonist
15
Q
Zileuton
A
Leukotriene Antagonist
16
Q
- Leukotriene Antagonists
A
Montelukast
Zafirlukas
Zileuton
17
Q
Methylxanthine
A
Theophylline
18
Q
Stabilizers of Mast and Other Cells
A
Cromolyn
Nedocromil
19
Q
IgE Antibody
A
Omalizumab
20
Q
Hydrocortisone
A
parenteral systemic steroid
21
Q
Long acting beta agonist
A
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Vilanterol
22
Q
Short acting beta agonist
A
Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline
23
Q
- This drug enhances rate of cyclic AMP through stimulation of adenyl cyclase
A
Albuterol
& all beta agonists has this mechanism of action.
includes: Albuterol, Metaproterenol, Terbutaline
Salmeterol, Formeterol, Vilanterol,
Epinephrine, Isoproterenol
24
Q
Theophylline MOA
A
inhibits phosphodiesterase
25
Zafirlukast MOA
block leukotriene D4 receptors
26
Nedocromil MOA
blocker of mast cell releast
27
7. These drugs are considered "relievers", EXCEPT:
a. formoterol
b. pinbuterol
c. salbutamol
d. terbutalline
a. formoterol
it is a long acting beta agonist, thus considered a controller, useful in chronic asthma
28
8. These drugs are considered "controller", EXCEPT:
a. formoterol
b. budesonide
c. albuterol
d. beclomethasone
c. albuterol (short acting beta agonist; reliever)
29
9. This blocks muscarinic inhibitors and promotes bronchodilation
Ipatropium*
Tiotropium
Aclidinium
30
Antimuscarinic Drugs used in Asthma
Ipatropium*
Tiotropium
Aclidinium
31
Ipatropium MOA
This blocks muscarinic inhibitors and promotes bronchodilation
32
10. Theophylline MOA
ALL!
a. inhibit several members of the phosphodiesterase
b. inhibition of cell surface receptors for adenosine
c. enhancement of histone deacetylation
d. ALL
33
11. A special problem caused by inhaled topical corticosteroids is the occurence of:
oropharyngeal candidiasis
34
Theophylline S/E
```
diuresis
cardiac arrhythmias
nervousness
tremor
convulsions
increase in gastric and digestive enzymes
```
35
12. This appears to be effective as albuterol in patients with COPD who have at least partially reversible obstructions:
a. ipatropium
b. tiotropium
c. aclidinium
d. all of the above
d. all
those are all antimuscarinic drugs used in asthma.
also umeclidinium.
all approved for maintenance tx of COPD
36
13. Of the beta agonist, this is the only one available ORALLY, by inhalational and by SUBCUTANEOUS route.
terbutaline
37
14. One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, and histamine have in common is:
tachycardia
* theophylline does not ordinarilly cause headache or postural hypertension.
* nitroglycerine does not cause direct cardiac stimulation, but does evoke a compensatory sympathetic reflex.
* histamine does not cause bronchodilation
38
15. recognized effects of albuterol
positive inotropic effect,
skeletal muscle tremor,
smooth muscle relaxation
tachycardia
Albuterol is a B2-selective receptor agonist, but in moderate to high doses, it produces B1 cardiac effects as well as B2-mediated smooth and skeletal muscle effects.
It does not cause diuresis
39
16. If a 10 y.o. child has severe asthma and was hospitalized5x between ages 7 and 9. He is now receiving outpatient medications that have greatly reduced the frequency of severe attacks. Which of the ff most likely to have adverse effects when used daily over long periods for severe asthma?
a. albuterol by aerosol
b. beclomethasone by aerosol
c. ipatropium by inhaler
d. prednisone by mouth
e. theophylline in long acting oral form
d. prednisone by mouth
40
17. Which of the ff drugs does not have a direct bronchodilator effect?
a. epinephrine
b. terbutaline
c. prednisone
d. theophylline
c. predisone
orticosteroids do not demonstrate direct bronchodilator action.
41
18. which is NOT a prophylactic strategy for asthma?
a. avoidance of antigen exposure
b. blockade of histamine receptors
c. blockade of leukotriene receptors
d. igE antibody blockade
e. inhibition of phopholipase A2
b. blockade of histamine receptors
Histamine does not appear to play a significant role in asthma
42
19. bronchodilator which is useful in COPD
and least likely to cause cardiac arrhythmia
a. aminophylline
b. cromolyn
c. epinephrine
d. ipatropium
e. metaproterenol
d. ipatropium or a similar antimuscarinic agent is the bronchodilator that is most likely to be useful in COPD without causeing cardiac arrhythmias
43
20. bronchodilator most often used in asthma by an oral route and is capable of causing insomnia and seizures
theophylline
causes insomnia in therapeutic doses and seizures in overdosage
44
21. Which of the ff in its parenteral form is life-saving in severe status asthmaticus and acts, at least in part, by inhibiting phopholipase A2?
Salmeterol
45
22. Orally active inhibitor of leukotriene receptors
Montelukast
46
Inhibitor of lipoxyfenase enzyme in the synthesis of leukotrienes
Zileuton
47
23. causes tremor, tachycardia, and cardiovascular events
adrenergic beta agonists
48
24. causes dry mouth and cough
muscarinic antagonists
| ipatropium bromide*, tiotropium, aclidinium
49
causes insomnia, tremor, Sx and arrhythmias
methylxanthines (theophylline)
50
side effect: cough
Mast Cell Release Inhibitor (Cromolyn, Nedocromil)
51
25. This parenteral drugs bind to IgE antibodies on mas cells, reduces reaction to inhaled antigen and is used as prophylaxis of severe refractory asthma not responsive to all ohter drugs
Omalizumab (IgE antibody)
