Respiratory Intro Quiz

Question 1

A child is admitted to the emergency department having swallowed the contents of 2 bottles of a nasal decongestant. You check with your pharmacist and learn the active ingredient is a potent, selective alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist. Which of the following is a sign of alpha-receptor activation that might occur in this patient?

Bronchodilation
Tachycardia
Mydriasis
Renin release from the kidneys

Answer 1

Mydriasis (dilation of the pupil)

Question 2

Complete activation of the parasympathetic nervous system is likely to produce which of the following effects?

Tachycardia
Bronchodilation
Miosis
Decreased intestinal motility

Answer 2

Miosis

Question 3

One effect that theophylline, isoproterenol, and histamine have in common is:

Tachycardia
Postural hypotension
Throbbing headache
Direct stimulation of cardiac contractile force

Answer 3

Tachycardia

Question 4

After successful treatment of an acute attack, a patient is referred to you at an outpatient clinic for follow-up for asthma. Which of the following is not an established prophylactic strategy for asthma?

Avoidance of antigen exposure
Blockade of histamine receptors
Blockade of leukotriene receptors
IgE antibody blockage
Inhibition of phospholipase A2

Answer 4

Blockade of histamine receptors

Question 5

Which of the following drug classes is most commonly associated with erectile and other sexual dysfunction as adverse effects?

Antihistamines
Insulin
Thyroid
Leukotriene receptor antagonists

Answer 5

Antihistamines

Question 6

A 48 year old woman, with a 30 year history of asthma presents to your ED with a 2 day history of worsening breathlessness and cough. After examining your patient you decide to manage her acute symptoms with supplemental oxygen, nebulized albuterol and ipratropium, and also 40 mg of IV methyl prednisolone.

Identify the pharmacologic effect of exogenous glucocorticoids like methyl prednisolone?

Increased muscle mass
Hypoglycemia
Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
Increased excretion of water and sodium

Answer 6

Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis

Question 7

Your patient with ulcerative colitis requires a long term treatment with glucocorticoids. Which of the following is a toxic effect associated with long-term glucocorticoid treatment?

A lupus like syndrome
Hepatotoxicity
Precocious puberty
Osteoporosis

Answer 7

Osteoporosis