Respiratory System

Question 1

Purpose of the respiratory system

Answer 1

Helps the body take in oxygen for energy and get rid of CO2 (waste prouct)

Question 2

Breathing involves…

Answer 2

Inhaling O2 and exhaling CO2

Question 3

Ventilation

Answer 3

Gas exchange in the lungs

Question 4

First step of Gas exchange

Answer 4

Air enters through nasal openings

Question 5

Second step of gas exchange

Answer 5

Moves into nasal cavity

Question 6

Third step of gas exchange

Answer 6

travels to trachea

Question 7

fourth step of gas exchange

Answer 7

air continues to the right and left primary bronchi

Question 8

Fifth step of gas exchange

Answer 8

Travels to right bronchus and continues to the right lung

Question 9

Sixth step of gas exchange

Answer 9

directed to left bronchus continues to left lung

Question 10

Seventh step of gas exchange

Answer 10

Right and left bronchi subdivide into bronchioles

Question 11

Eight step of gas exchange

Answer 11

Bronchioles terminate in alveoli

Question 12

Cells

Answer 12

Basic structural unit of an organism

Question 13

Alveoli

Answer 13

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place

Question 14

Surfactant

Answer 14

lipoprotein–substance that reduces the surface tension

Question 15

Organ systems

Answer 15

Functional groups of organs that work together within the body: circulatory, integumentary, skeletal, reproductive digestive, urinary, respiratory, endocrine, lymphatic muscular, nervous

Question 16

Ventilation

Answer 16

The exchange of oxygen with carbon dioxide in the lungs

Question 17

What is ventilation?

in terms of movement

Answer 17

combination of muscle action and negative pressure

Question 18

Contracted lungs

Answer 18

↑ volume of lungs, ↓ pressure of lungs

Question 19

Relaxed lungs

Answer 19

↓ volume of lungs, ↑ pressure of lungs

Question 20

Trachea

Answer 20

The windpipe, which connects the larynx to the lungs

Question 21

Bronchi

Answer 21

The main passageways directly attached to the lungs

Question 22

Bronchioles

Answer 22

Small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli

Question 23

Where is the heart located?

Answer 23

Mediastinum – area between the two lungs

Question 24

How many lobes does the right lung have?

Answer 24

Three – superior, middle, inferior

Question 25

How many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 25

Two-- Superior and Inferior

Question 26

What does each lung contain? | what kind of fluid?

Answer 26

Pleura and Pleural fluid

Question 27

Where is the lungs located?

Answer 27

Thoracic Cavity

Question 28

Heart

Answer 28

Muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body

Question 29

Pleura

Answer 29

A tough, protective double membrane around the lungs and inside the chest cavity

Question 30

Capillaries

Answer 30

small vessels that connect smaller arteries, called arterioles, to smaller veins, called venules, and carry out gas exchange

Question 31

Diffusion

Answer 31

passive movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 32

Passive Transport

Answer 32

passive movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 33

Tidal volume

Answer 33

the amount of air breathed in a normal inhalation or exhalation

Question 34

Factors affecting the respiratory system

Answer 34

Environmental, Genetic, pathogens

Question 35

What does environmental pollutants damage in the lungs?

Answer 35

Cilia

Question 36

What does environmental pollutants cause?

Answer 36

Emphysema, allergies, inflammation

Question 37

Allergies

Answer 37

an immune response to a foreign agent that is not a pathogen

Question 38

Inflammation

Answer 38

The resulting redness, swelling, heat, and pain in an area of defense by innate immunity

Question 39

Genetic conditions that affect the respiratory system

Answer 39

Lung surfactant insufficiency, asthma, cystic fibrosis

Question 40

Diseases

Answer 40

a condition that deteriorates the normal functioning of the cells, tissues, and/or organs

Question 41

Viruses

Answer 41

a noncellular entity that consists of a nucleic acid core (DNA/RNA) surrounded by a protein coat

Question 42

Immune system

Answer 42

a system that protects the body from disease-causing agents known as pathogens by responding to substances on the surfaces of agents that body perceives as foreign

Question 43

Organs in the respiratory system

Answer 43

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Left Bronchus, Right Bronchus, Bronchioles, Left lung, Right lung, diaphragm, heart

Question 44

Purpose of the nasal cavity

Answer 44

Air is warmed, humidified, and filtered by mucus and hair

Question 45

Purpose of the pharynx

Answer 45

Junction for both food and air

Question 46

Purpose for the Larynx

Answer 46

Voice box

Question 47

Purpose of the Trachea

Answer 47

Cylinder tube with rings of cartilage that provides support

Question 48

How many Bronchi are there

Answer 48

Two: Left and right bronchi

Question 49

How many lobes are in the right bronchi

Answer 49

Three

Question 50

How many Lobes are in the Left bronchi

Answer 50

Two

Question 51

In the bronchi, how many bronchi are there up until the bronchioles

Answer 51

primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 52

What are bronchioles?

Answer 52

Smaller branches of bronchial airways

Question 53

What does the bronchioles breakdown to

Answer 53

Terminole and Respiratory bronchioles

Question 54

What are alveoli

Answer 54

lots of tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange

Question 55

What is the conducting zone?

Answer 55

transports air from the outside environment to the site of the gas exchange

Question 56

What is the Conducting zone also known as?

Answer 56

Anatomical Dead Space-- no gas exchange occurs in this area

Question 57

What structures are associated with the Conducting zone?

Answer 57

Nose, Mouth, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles

Question 58

What is the respiratory zone?

Answer 58

Structure in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

Question 59

What are the structures involved in the Respiratory zone?

Answer 59

Respiratory Bronchioles up to alveoli

Question 60

How are the Cardiovascular System and the Respiratory system interconnected?

Answer 60

O2 delivery and CO2 pickup

Question 61

How are the Muscular System and the Respiratory system interconnected?

Answer 61

Intercostal, diaphragm, abdominal wall muscles work together to expand and contract the thoracic cavity

Question 62

How are the Skeletal system and respiratory system connected?

Answer 62

The ribs protect the lungs by placing a cage around them

Question 63

How are the Nervous system and respiratory system connected?

Answer 63

Pace of breathing is regulated by using pH

Question 64

What does the pH measure?

Answer 64

hydrogen ion concentration

Question 65

If a substance is acidic, does the Hydrogen concentration increase or decrease?

Answer 65

Increase (H+)

Question 66

If a substance is basic, does the Hydrogen concentration increase or decrease?

Answer 66

Decrease (OH-)

Question 67

What is Inspiration

Answer 67

Air is drawn into the lungs

Question 68

What happens to the diaphragm muscles and external intercostal muscles when we breathe in?

Answer 68

They contract

Question 69

What happens to the diaphragm and thoracic cavity when we breathe?

Answer 69

Diaphragm pushes down and thoracic cavity volume increases

Question 70

What is expiration?

Answer 70

air is pushed out from the lungs

Question 71

What happens to the diaphragm muscle and external intercostal muscles when we exhale?

Answer 71

Relaxes

Question 72

What happens to the Diaphragm and thoracic cavity when we exhale?

Answer 72

Volume decreases

Question 73

What does it mean when we hyperventilate?

Answer 73

Fast breathing is caused by basic pH. Increase in O2 (hyperoxia) and decrease in CO2 (hypocapnia)

Question 74

Hyperoxia

Answer 74

A lot of O2

Question 75

Hypocapnia

Answer 75

Low in CO2

Question 76

What is hypoventilation?

Answer 76

Slow breathing caused by acidity in pH. Hypoxia, Hypercapnia

Question 77

Hypoxia

Answer 77

Low in O2

Question 78

Hypercapnia

Answer 78

High in CO2