Respiratory System and Disorders

Question 1

Function of respiratory system?

Answer 1

Entry of oxygen
Elimination of Carbon dioxide
Maintains pH balance within body

Question 2

What’s in the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 2

Nose, Nasal cavity, Pharynx and Larynx

Question 3

What’s in the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 3

Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli

Question 4

Pharynx

Answer 4

Throat

Question 5

Larynx

Answer 5

Voice box

Question 6

Trachea

Answer 6

Windpipe
Lined with cilla

Question 7

Bronchi

Answer 7

In lung

Question 8

What do bronchi divide into?

Answer 8

Bronchioles then Alveoli

Question 9

What are Alveoli?

Answer 9

One cell thick air sack
gas exchange take place

Question 10

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 10

Dome shaped muscle.
Between chest and abdominal cavity.
Helps with breathing ( goes up and down when breathing in and out)

Question 11

Pleura

Answer 11

2 layered sac covering lungs
Fluid reduces friction

Question 12

How does fitness affect the respiratory rate?

Answer 12

Increasing fitness = Decreased RR

Question 13

How does age affect the respiratory rate?

Answer 13

Increase in age = decrease in RR

Question 14

How does OBESITY affect the respiratory rate?

Answer 14

Increases RR

Question 15

How does SMOKING affect the respiratory rate?

Answer 15

Increase RR

Question 16

What are some age related changes to the Respiratory system?

Answer 16

Weakened muscles
Reduce in lung elasticity
Decreased lung capacity
Increased rigidity of rib cage

Question 17

How does the body maintain ph balance?

Answer 17

Exhale carbon dioxide.

Question 18

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 18

Severe allergic reaction.
Can be life threatening
Needs epipen.

Question 19

Apnea

Answer 19

Absence of breathing

Question 20

Dyspnea

Answer 20

Difficulty breathing

Question 21

Orthopnea

Answer 21

SOB when lying flat or supine.

Question 22

Hyperventilation

Answer 22

Rapid deep breathing
Due to panic attack, infection, or another medical issue

Question 23

Hypoventilation

Answer 23

Shallow breathing

Question 24

Bronchitis

Answer 24

Inflammation of the bronchi
Acute or chronic
Caused by infection viral or bacteria

Question 25

What are the signs and symptoms of acute bronchitis?

Answer 25

Phlemy cough Fever SOB Wheezing Fatigue

Question 26

How to manage acute bronchitis?

Answer 26

Drink plenty of fluids Rest Stop smoking

Question 27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 27

Chronic lung disorder that blocks airways causing difficulty breathing No cure

Question 28

What are the 2x types of COPD?

Answer 28

Chronic bronchitis Emphysema

Question 29

What is the most common cause of COPD?

Answer 29

Smoking ++ Air pollution

Question 30

What is the difference between chronic bronchitis and emphysema?

Answer 30

Emphysema affects the alveoli and barrelled chest as air is trapped. Chronic bronchitis has excess amounts of mucus.

Question 31

How to manage COPD

Answer 31

Fowlers or semi fowlers position Encourage fluids Low dose of oxygen Meds to open airways quit smoking

Question 32

Asthma

Answer 32

Reversible airway obstruction and inflammation Airway passages narrow Muscles tighten

Question 33

What can trigger asthma?

Answer 33

Pollen, dust, mold, animal dander and hair, exercises, cold air, smoke, stress

Question 34

What are the signs and symptoms of asthma?

Answer 34

SOB Rapid pulse Wheezing coughing production of mucus.

Question 35

How to manage asthma?

Answer 35

Avoid triggers Inhalers Manage stress

Question 36

Pneumonia

Answer 36

Infection of lung tissue Alveoli fills with pus, mucus and fluid. Can result in death

Question 37

What can cause pneumonia?

Answer 37

Bacteria fungi viruses, You can get aspiration pneumonia caused by inhaling food and fluid

Question 38

What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia?

Answer 38

Weakness Cough with thick mucus (green, yellow, brown) Fever and chills Chest pain Rapid or shallow breathing Cyanosis Confusion

Question 39

Who are most at risk of a pneumonia?

Answer 39

Very young or old Immune compromised people

Question 40

How to manage pneumonia?

Answer 40

Rest Encourage fluids Oxygen High fowlers position Antibiotics

Question 41

Tuberculosis

Answer 41

Infection with TB bacteria May lay dormant Fever, fatigue, night sweats cough Fatal but treatable with meds

Question 42

T or F a severe allergic reaction can result in anaphylaxis

Answer 42

True