Respiratory System diseases for real for real

Question 1

What are the symptoms of respiratory tract problems?

Answer 1

Chest pain, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis, dysphonia, chills, fever, wheezing, fatigue.

Question 2

What is a common cold/URI?

Answer 2

Acute inflammation that affects the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.

Question 3

What is sinusitis?

Answer 3

Acute or chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses.

Question 4

What is pharyngitis/sore throat?

Answer 4

Acute or chronic inflammation/infection of the pharynx.

Question 5

What is lymphadenopathy?

Answer 5

Any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes.

Question 6

What is nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Answer 6

A cancer that arises from the epithelium of the nasopharynx, rare in the US, common in southern China, most patients have enlarged cervical lymph nodes.

Question 7

What is epistaxis?

Answer 7

Nosebleed.

Question 8

What is laryngitis?

Answer 8

Inflammation of the larynx causes aphonia.

Question 9

What is a deviated septum?

Answer 9

Crooked cartilage partition between the nostrils.

Question 10

What are nasal polyps?

Answer 10

Benign growths that form as a consequence of distended mucous membranes protruding into the nasal cavity.

Question 11

What is anosmia?

Answer 11

Loss or impairment of the sense of smell.

Question 12

What are tumors of the larynx?

Answer 12

Benign or malignant growths or tumors on the larynx; dysphonia is usually the only symptom.

Question 13

What is laryngeal cancer?

Answer 13

Cancer of the throat affecting the vocal cords, voice box, or other areas of the throat.

Question 14

What is the TNM system?

Answer 14

Tumor, Node, Metastasis - developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer to describe the general anatomic extent of cancers.

Question 15

What is hemoptysis?

Answer 15

Coughing up blood.

Question 16

What is exsanguination?

Answer 16

Loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained.

Question 17

What is atelectasis?

Answer 17

Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli.

Question 18

What is a pulmonary embolism?

Answer 18

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.

Question 19

What is tachypnea?

Answer 19

Fast breathing.

Question 20

What is pneumonia?

Answer 20

An inflammation of lung tissue where the alveoli in the affected areas fill with fluid.

Question 21

What is a pulmonary abscess?

Answer 21

Cavity of contained infectious material in the lung.

Question 22

What is SARS?

Answer 22

Severe acute respiratory syndrome; caused by a coronavirus.

Question 23

What is legionellosis?

Answer 23

A form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila.

Question 24

What is Respiratory Syncytial virus pneumonia?

Answer 24

An inflammatory and infectious condition of the lungs.

Question 25

What is histoplasmosis?

Answer 25

Fungal disease originating in the lungs caused by inhalation of dust containing Histoplasma capsulatum.

Question 26

What is acute/chronic bronchitis?

Answer 26

Inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Question 27

What is bronchiectasis?

Answer 27

A chronic congenital or acquired disease characterized by abnormal dilatation of the bronchi and excessive sputum production.

Question 28

What is asthma?

Answer 28

A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Question 29

What is COPD?

Answer 29

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primarily comprising chronic bronchitis, chronic asthma, and emphysema.

Question 30

What is pulmonary emphysema?

Answer 30

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder characterized by destructive changes in the alveolar walls and irreversible enlargement of alveolar air spaces.

Question 31

What are rhonchi?

Answer 31

A whistling or snoring sound heard on auscultation of the chest when air channels are partially obstructed.

Question 32

What is hepatomegaly?

Answer 32

Abnormal enlargement of the liver.

Question 33

What is pneumoconiosis?

Answer 33

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis.

Question 34

What is asbestosis?

Answer 34

Lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles.

Question 35

What is anthracosis?

Answer 35

Abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs; also known as black lung disease.

Question 36

What is silicosis?

Answer 36

Caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs, usually occurring after working in specific occupations.

Question 37

What is pleurisy/itis?

Answer 37

Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the lungs and lining the pleural cavity.

Question 38

What is pneumothorax?

Answer 38

Collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity that results in a collapsed or partially collapsed lung.

Question 39

What is hemothorax?

Answer 39

Accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity.

Question 40

What is flail chest?

Answer 40

Condition of instability in the chest wall caused by multiple rib fractures.

Question 41

What is tuberculosis (TB)?

Answer 41

A contagious bacterial infection that primarily involves the lungs.

Question 42

What is infectious mononucleosis?

Answer 42

An acute herpesvirus infection causing lymphadenopathy and fever, transmitted through kissing, blood transfusion, or organ donation.

Question 43

What is ARDS?

Answer 43

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; a sudden onset of severe lung dysfunction affecting both lungs.

Question 44

What is sarcoidosis?

Answer 44

A disease that causes inflammation and microscopic nodules called granulomas affecting almost all systems of the body.

Question 45

What is lung cancer?

Answer 45

A highly malignant form developing from constant irritation of chemicals from tobacco or other airborne pollutants.