Respiratory Tract

Question 1

Most cases of bacterial pharyngitis are caused by ________.

Answer 1

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 2

A disease involving a toxin coded for by a bacteriophage and that causes a membrane to form in the throat is ________.

Answer 2

Diphtheria

Question 3

Which of the systemic mycoses is endemic in parts of Southern California?

Answer 3

Coccidioidmycosis

Question 4

The group of viruses that are responsible for at least 50% of all cases of the common cold is the ________.

Answer 4

Rhinovirus

Question 5

When considering the influenza virus, viral strains are identified by antigenic differences in the H and N spikes. What does the designation “N” stand for?

Answer 5

Neuraminidase

Question 6

Major changes in the antigenic properties of the H and N spikes of the influenza virus are referred to as the ________.

Answer 6

Antigenic Shift

Question 7

Individuals that have primary atypical pneumonia or walking pneumonia are infected with which microorganism?

Answer 7

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 8

What is the etiologic agents of Q fever?

Answer 8

Coxiella burnetti

Question 9

In some areas of the world, a vaccine is used to protect individuals from Tuberculosis. The vaccine consists of a live, attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovid. What is the name of this vaccine?

Answer 9

BCG

Question 10

An infectious disease of birds that can be transmitted to humans by ________.

Answer 10

Chlamydia psittaci

Question 11

The most common cause of pneumonia in infants is ________.

Answer 11

RSV

Question 12

Strains of Group A Streptococcus that produce an erythrogenic toxin produce a clinical syndrome known as ________.

Answer 12

Scarlet Fever

Question 13

The bacterium that causes diphtheria is a member of what genus of Gram Positive bacilli?

Answer 13

Corynebacterium

Question 14

Epiglottis in children is most often the result of infection with which bacterium?

Answer 14

H. Influenzae Type B

Question 15

Infection of the middle ear is ________.

Answer 15

Otitis Media

Question 16

A disease that is acquired by breathing air from air conditioning systems and large cooling towers is ________.

Answer 16

Legionellosis

Question 17

Minor antigenic changes in the Influenza virus is the ________.

Answer 17

Antigenic Drift

Question 18

An organism particularly known to produce pneumonia in AIDS patients an other immunosuprpressed patients is ________.

Answer 18

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 19

The drug of choice for treating the systemic mycoses is ________.

Answer 19

Amphoteracin B

Question 20

An opportunistic fungus that can cause respiratory disease in immunosuppressed hosts is ________.

Answer 20

Aspergillus spp.

Question 21

Streptococcal pharyngitis is most effectively treated with which antimicrobial agent?

Answer 21

Penicillin

Question 22

In the later stages of AIDS, patients are especially susceptible to infection with which acid-fast organism?

Answer 22

M. avium intracellularae

Question 23

A disease characterized by catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent stages is ________.

Answer 23

Whooping cough

Question 24

When an individual is infected with Coccidioides immitis, the fungus is found in what forum in the lungs?

Answer 24

Spherules

Question 25

Infants infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus are commonly treated with what antiviral agent?

Answer 25

Ribavirin

Question 26

The nose, throat, and associated structures make up the _________.

Answer 26

Upper Respiratory System

Question 27

The ciliary, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and alveoli make up the _________.

Answer 27

Lower Respiratory System

Question 28

What helps prevent microbes from reaching the lungs?

Answer 28

Ciliary escalator.

Question 29

Normal Flora of the upper respiratory tract can include _________.

Answer 29

Pathogens

Question 30

Lower respiratory system is usually free from _________.

Answer 30

Microorganisms

Question 31

_________ is the sequel to strep throat that is caused by erythrogenic toxin-producing strains of Group A Strep.

Answer 31

Scarlet Fever

Question 32

Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, or Staphylococcus aureus can all cause _________.

Answer 32

Otitis Media

Question 33

The _________ can be caused by over 200 different viruses and is most often spread by direct contact.

Answer 33

Common Cold

Question 34

Bordetella pertussis causes _________.

Answer 34

Whooping Cough

Question 35

The catarrhal stage, paroxysmal stage, and convalescent stage are three stages of the disease _________.

Answer 35

Whooping Cough

Question 36

Childhood immunization has _________ the incidence of Whooping cough.

Answer 36

Decrease

Question 37

_________ are one of the most common types of infections to affect humans.

Answer 37

Respiratory tract infections

Question 38

Tuberculosis is caused by the intracellular parasite, _________.

Answer 38

Mycobacterium tuberculosus

Question 39

_________ in the lung have characteristic x-ray picture upon caseation.

Answer 39

Tubercles

Question 40

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infects _________ patients.

Answer 40

AIDS

Question 41

What is the etiologic agent of Pneumococcal pneumonia?

Answer 41

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 42

What is the etiologic agent of Haemophilus pneumonia?

Answer 42

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 43

What is the etiologic agent of Mycoplasmal pneumonia or walking pneumonia?

Answer 43

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 44

What is the etiologic agent of Legionellosis and Pontiac Fever?

Answer 44

Legionella pneumophilla

Question 45

What is the etiologic agent of Chlamydial pneumonia?

Answer 45

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 46

Pneumococcal pneumonia, Haemophilus pneumonia, Mycoplasmal pneumonia, Legionellosis, and Chlamydial pneumonia all make up _________.

Answer 46

Bacterial Pneumonias

Question 47

Viral Pneumonia, Respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza all make up viral diseases of the _________.

Answer 47

Lower respiratory tract

Question 48

_________ is often seen as a complication of influenza.

Answer 48

Viral Pneumonia

Question 49

What is the most common case of pneumonia in infants?

Answer 49

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Question 50

_________ can be treated with amantadine and rimantadine.

Answer 50

Influenzavirus A

Question 51

Histoplasmosis, Coccidioidomycosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and Blastomycosis are all fungal diseases of the _________.

Answer 51

Lower Respiratory Tract

Question 52

Streptococcus pyogenes is the causative agent of _______.

Answer 52

Scarlet Fever

Question 53

Red rash, high fever, and red enlarged tongue are all signs of _______.

Answer 53

Scarlet Fever

Question 54

Penicillin is used to treat _______.

Answer 54

Streptococcus Pharyngitis

Question 55

Sinus infections, lower respiratory tract infections, laryngitis, and ear infections are all complications of the _______.

Answer 55

Common Cold

Question 56

Influenzavirus is the etiological agent of _______.

Answer 56

Influenza

Question 57

When consitiderin the influenza virus, viral strains are identified by antigenic differences in the H and N spikes. What does the designation "H" stand for?

Answer 57

Hemagglutinin

Question 58

Deaths during influenza outbreaks are usually due to _______.

Answer 58

Secondary bacterial infections

Question 59

What is the etiological agent of the dimorphic Coccidioidomycosis?

Answer 59

Coccidioides immits

Question 60

Histoplasmosis is caused by _______.

Answer 60

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 61

_______ is the etiological agent for Pneumocytis jiroveci Pnuemonia.

Answer 61

Pneumocystis carinii

Question 62

Pneumonia occurs in newly infected infants and individuals who are immunosuppressed, like _______ patients.

Answer 62

AIDS

Question 63

Blastomycosis is caused by _______, a thermally dimorphic fungus that is found in soil.

Answer 63

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 64

Opportunistic fungi like Aspergillus spp, Rhizopus spp, Mucor spp, Penicillium spp, can easily cause other respiratory _______.

Answer 64

Diseases.