Restorative Art vocab Flashcards
(417 cards)
1
Q
abrasion
A
antemortem and/or postmortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis
2
Q
abscess
A
a localized accumulation of pus
3
Q
absorption
A
the process of taking in, as in a colored object which absorbs certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color
4
Q
abut
A
to bluntly adjoin another structure; ex. eye closure
5
Q
acetone
A
dimethyl ketone; a colorless liquid which is used to soften and remove scabs; a solvent for restorative wax, or a stain remover
6
Q
achromatic color
A
a color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such as white, black, gray, and silver and gold
7
Q
acquired facial markings
A
facial markings that develop during one’s lifetime, primarily as a result of repetitious use of certain muscles
8
Q
additive method
A
a process of mixing colored lights on a surface on which the wave lengths of each are combined; adding 2 or more colored lights together to create another color of light
9
Q
adhesive
A
sticking to or adhering closely; substances which may be applied in order to sustain contact of 2 surfaces
10
Q
aerosol
A
a colloidal solution dispensed as a mist
11
Q
after image
A
psychological; a visual impression remaining after the stimulus has been removed
12
Q
airbrush
A
a pressured atomizer utilized for spraying liquid paint or cosmetic upon a surface
13
Q
alveolar processes
A
a bony ridge found on the inferior surface of the mandible which contains the sockets for the teeth
14
Q
alveolar prognathism
A
an abnormal protrusion of the alveolar process
15
Q
analogous
A
in color harmony, 2 or more hues which have the same hue in common
16
Q
angle of the mandible
A
a bony angle formed by the junction of the posterior edge of the ramus of the mandible and the inferior surface of the body of the mandible; marks widest part of the lower 1/3 of face
17
Q
angulusoris eminence / angulus oris eminence
A
the small convex prominence found lateral to the end of the line of closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking
18
Q
angulusoris sulcus / angulus oris sulcus
A
the groove found at each end of the line of closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking
19
Q
anterior
A
before or in front of; an anatomical term of position and direction which denotes the front or forward part
20
Q
anterior nares
A
the external openings of the nostrils
21
Q
antihelix
A
the inner rim of the ear
22
Q
antitragus
A
a small eminence obliquely opposite the tragus on the superior border of the lobe of the ear
23
Q
aquiline
A
curved, as the beak of an eagle; as viewed from the profile, a nasal profile which exhibits a hook or convexity in its dorsum
24
Q
arch of the wing
A
the inferior margin of the nasal wing which forms a distinct concave arc superiorly
25
armature
framework; a material, commonly of pliable metal or wood, employed to provide support for a wax restoration
26
aspiration
to draw out liquids or gases by means of suction
27
asymmetry
lack of symmetry, balance, or proportion
28
base
1 - in cosmetology, the vehicle in a cosmetic (oil base); the initial application of cream or cosmetic
2 - the lower part of anything, the supporting part
29
basic pigment
4 hues which correspond to the pigments of the skin
30
basket weave suture
a network of stitches which cross the borders of a cavity or excision to anchor fillers and to sustain tissues in their proper position
31
bilateral
2 sides
32
bilateral differences
dissimilarities existing in the 2 sides or halves of an object
33
bilateral view
an inferior or superior viewpoint which permits the comparison of the 2 sides or halves of an object or facial feature
34
blanch
to whiten by removing color; to make pale
35
bleaching
the act of lightening a discoloration by hypodermic means or by surface compresses
36
bleaching agent
a chemical which lightens or blanches skin discolorations
37
body of the mandible
the horizontal portion of the lower jaw
38
bridge
a raised support; the arched portion of the nose which is supported by the nasal bones; a structure or span connecting 2 parts of a mutilated bone
39
bridge stitch
(interrupted suture) a temporary suture consisting of individually cut and tied stitches employed to sustain the proper position of tissues
40
brilliance
brightness; in colored illumination, the quantity of illumination passing through a color transparency
41
buccal cavity
the space between the lips and the gums and the teeth; the vestibule of the oral cavity
42
buccal depressions
natural, shallow concavities of the cheeks which extend obliquely downward from the medial or lateral margins of the cheekbones
43
buccinator
the principle muscle of the cheek which compresses the cheeks and forms the lateral wall of the mouth
44
bucco-facial sulcus
the vertical furrow of the cheek; an acquired facial marking
45
burn
to oxidize or to cause to be oxidized by fire or equivalent means; a tissue reaction or injury resulting from the application of heat, extreme cold, caustic material, radiation, friction, or electricity
46
first degree burn
usually limited to redness (erythema), a white plaque, and minor pain at the site of the injury. these burns only involve the epidermis. sunburns can be included as this
47
second degree burn
manifest as erythema with superficial blistering of the skin. involve the superficial (papillary) dermis and may also involved the deep (reticular) dermis layer
48
third degree burn
occur when the epidermis is lost with damage to the subcutaneous tissue; these burns will result in scarring and may require grafting
49
fourth degree burn
damage to muscle, tendon, and ligament tissue, thus resulting in charring and catastrophic damage of the hypodermis, leaving exposed bone tissue. often resulting in death
50
fifth degree burn
total incineration. the gross incineration of the human remains, that are non viewable and need to be treated in such a manner to prevent burnt odors from emanating
51
carmine
purple red in coloration (aka crimson)
52
carotene
the yellow pigment of the skin
53
cartilage
a specialized type of dense connective tissue; attached to the ends of bones and forming parts of structures, such as the nasal septum and the framework of the ear
54
cauterizing agent
a chemical capable of drying tissues by searing; caustic
55
cement
a substance used to promote the adhesion of 2 separated surfaces, such as the lips, the eyelids, or the margins of an incision
56
channeling
creation of dermal and subdermal passageways, through a single entry point in the tissue, in order to allow for the removal of watery fluids and gasses
57
charred
reduced to carbon; the state of tissues destroyed by burning
58
chroma / intensity
brightness or dullness of a color
59
chromatic color
a color having hue; a color of the visible spectrum
60
cilia
the eyelashes
61
collodion
a clear syrup like liquid which evaporates, leaving a contractile, white film; a liquid sealer
62
color
a visual sensation perceived by the eye and the mind due to the activity and vibration of light
63
color corrective
a category of concealer that neutralizes discolorations and pigmented blemishes by using opposite colors from the color wheel
64
color rendering index (CRI)
a measurement of light quality of a light source as compared to sunlight
65
colorant
in cosmetology, a substance used to impart color to an object; dye, pigment, ink, or paint
66
colored filter
colored glass, gelatin, or other substances which transmit light of certain wavelengths while absorbing the others
67
colored light
illumination of an identifiable hue
68
color wheel
a circle in which the primary, secondary, and intermediate hues are arranged in orderly intervals
69
columna nasi
the fleshy termination of the nasal septum at the base of the nose; located between the nostrils; the most inferior part of the mass of the nose
70
complements
directly opposite hues on the color wheel; any 2 pigmentary hues which, by their mixture in equal quantities, produce gray
71
complexion
the color and texture of the skin, especially that of the face
72
compound fracture
a broken bone which pierces the skin
73
compress
gauze or absorbent cotton saturated with water or an appropriate chemical and placed under or upon tissues to preserve, bleach, dry, hydrate, constrict, or reduce swelling
74
concave
exhibiting a depressed or hollow surface; a concavity
75
concave-convex profile
a facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip
76
concave nasal profile
a depressed profile form which may dip concavely from root to tip (retrousse/infantine)
77
concave profile
a basic facial profile form in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip (infantine, retrousse, least common)
78
concave-vertical profile
a facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the upper lip and chin project equally to an imaginary vertical line
79
concha
the concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression of the ear
80
concurrent
treatments of a restorative nature performed during the embalming operation
81
condyle
a rounded prominence at the end of a bone forming an articulation; on both the mandible and occipital bone
82
contour
the outline or surface form
83
contusion
a bruise often accompanied with distention
84
convex
curved evenly; resembling a segment of the outer edge of a sphere
85
convex-concave profile
a profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip
86
convex nasal profile
(roman, aquiline) a nasal profile which exhibits a hump in its linear form
87
convex profile
a basic profile form in which the forehead recedes rom the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip (most common)
88
convex-vertical profile
a profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin and upper lip project equally to an imaginary vertical line
89
cool hue
blue, green, purple, or any intermediate pigmentary hue in which they predominate; a receding hue which creates the illusion of distance from the observer; a color of short wavelengths
90
cords of the neck
vertical prominences of the neck; an acquired facial marking
91
coronal plane
anatomical plane dividing the anterior of the body from the posterior
92
coronoid process
the anterior, non articulating process of the ramus of the mandible which serves as the insertion for the temporalis muscle
93
corpulence
having an abnormal amount of fat on the body
94
corrective shaping
a cosmetic technique which consists of highlighting those parts of the face or individual features to enlarge or bring them forward or shadowing them to reduce the appearance of size or deepen a depression
95
corrugator
a pyramid shaped muscle of facial expression which draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially
96
cosmetic
a media for beautifying the complexion and skin
97
cosmetic compound
a cosmetic medium composed of 2, 3, or all 4 basic pigments
98
cosmetizing
the process of applying cosmetics to a surface
99
cosmetology
the study of beautifying and improving the complexion, skin, hair, and nails
100
cranium
that part of the human skull which encloses the brain
101
cranial sutures
non moveable joints that connect the bones of the cranium together
102
cream cosmetic
a semi solid cosmetic
103
cribriform plate
the horizontal plate of the ethmoid bone separating the cranial cavity from the nasal cavity
104
crown / vertex
the topmost part of the head
105
crows feet / optic facial sulcus
the furrows radiating from the lateral corner of the eye; acquired facial markings
106
crura of the antihelix
the superior and anterior bifurcating branches of the antihelix which is flattened in the concha
107
crus of the helix
the origin of the helix which is flattened in the concha
108
decapitation
separation of the head from the body; to decapitate is the act of such separation
109
decomposition
separation of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial or autolytic enzymes
110
deep
below the surface, or toward the central part of a structure
111
dehydration
the loss of moisture from body tissue
112
density
the thickness of the applied cosmetic
113
dental prognathism
oblique insertion of the teeth
114
dental tie
ligature around the superior and inferior teeth employed to hold the mandible in a fixed position
115
depression
a hollow or shallow concave area in a surface
116
depressor angulioris
a muscle of facial expression which depresses the angle of the mouth
117
depressor labbi inferioris
a muscle of facial expression which draws the lower lip inferiorly and slightly lateral
118
derma / dermis / skin
the corium, or true skin
119
desquamation / skin slip
the separation of the epidermis from the dermis as a result of putrefaction
120
desiccation
extreme dehydration often resulting in post embalming discolorations
121
diamond
a facial shape in which the cheeks are the widest point accompanied by a narrowing forehead and chin
122
digastric
a double bellied muscle which draws the hyoid bone superiorly
123
dimples
shallow depressions located on the cheek or chin in a rounded or vertical form; ex. on of the natural facial markings
124
discoloration
any abnormal color in or on the human body; may be removed by arterial injection
125
distal
away from the center of the body or point of attachment
126
distention
a stat of stretching out or becoming inflated
127
distortion
a state of being twisted or pushed out of normal shape or position
128
dorsum
top; the anterior protruding ridge of the nose from the root to the tip of the lobe
129
dusky
swarthy; somewhat dark in color; when used to describe the complexion color
130
edema
abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissues or body cavities
131
electric spatula
an electrically heated blade used to dry moist tissues, reduce swollen tissues, and restore contour to natural form
132
emaciation
a wasted condition resulting in sunken surfaces of the face
133
embed
to fix or fasten in place
134
eminence
a prominence or projection
135
emollients
heavy moisturizer; creamy, thick, helps to retain moisture
136
enucleation
the removal of an entire mass or part, especially a tumor or the eyeball, without rupture
137
epicranius / occipitofrontalis
the muscle the draws the scalp posteriorly and inferiorly and raises the eyebrows
138
epidermis
the outermost layer of skin; the cuticle or scarf skin
139
excise
to remove as by cutting out
140
external auditory meatus
the opening or passageway to the ear
141
external pressure
weight applied to a surface
142
eyebrows / supercilia
superficial hairs covering the superciliary arches
143
eyebrow pencil
a cosmetic in pencil form for coloring the hairs of the eyebrow, or creating an eyebrow where the hairs were removed
144
eye cap
a thin, dome like shell made of hardened cloth, metal, or plastic placed beneath eyelids to restore natural curvature and to maintain the position of posed eyelids
145
eyelids / palpebrae
2 moveable flaps of skin which cover and uncover each eyeball
146
eye shadow
a cosmetic color applied to the upper eyelid
147
eye socket
the bony region containing the eyeball; the orbital cavity
148
face
anatomically, the region from the eyes to the base of the chin; physiognomically, the region from the normal hairline to the base of the chin
149
facial markings
the character lines of the face and neck; wrinkles, grooves, cords, and dimples
150
facial profiles
the silhouettes of the face from the side view
151
facial proportions
mathematical relationships of the facial features to one another and/or to the head and face
152
feather
to reduce gradually to an indistinguishable edge; to taper
153
feature builder / tissue builder
a substance used to elevate sunken/emaciated tissues to normal level by hypodermic injection
154
firmness
the degree of rigidity or stability; a condition of the tissues necessary for the application of wax
155
firm wax
the densest and least adhesive type of wax; a putty like material used to fill large cavities or model features
156
florid
flushed with red, when describing a complexion; not as vivid as ruddy
157
fluorescent light
the illumination produced by a tubular electric discharge lamp; the fluorescence of phosphors coating the inside of a tube
158
fold
an elongated prominence adjoining a surface
159
foramen magnum
an opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes from the brain
160
forehead
that part of the face above the eyes
161
form
external shape; a mold for casting; produce a certain shape; to constitute existing elements
162
foundation
the complexion cosmetic in ornamental cosmetology
163
fracture
broken bone
164
frenulum
the vertical restraining fold of mucous membrane on the midline of the inside of each lip connecting the lip with the gum
165
frontal
anterior; the anterior view of the face or features
166
frontal bone
the anterior third of the cranium, forming the forehead and the anterior portion of the roof of the skull
167
frontal eminences
paired, rounded, unmargined prominences of the frontal bone found approximately 1 inch beneath the normal hairline
168
frontal process of the maxilla
the ascending part of the upper jaw which gradually protrudes as it rises beside the nasal bone to meet the frontal bone; the ascending process of the upper jaw
169
funeral lighting
the quality and quantity of illumination used for presentation of casketed remains
170
furrow
a crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevations
171
geometric
the shape of a plane figure determined by its outline
172
glabella
a single bony prominence of the frontal bone located between the superciliary arches in the inferior part of the frontal bone above the root of the nose
173
grecian
a nasal profile form in which the dorsum exhibits a straight line from the root to the tip; a straight nasal profile
174
groove
an elongated depression in a relatively level plane or surface
175
hairline
the outline of hair growth on the head or face; the lowest centrally located part of the hair of the cranium
176
hard palate
the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth
177
height
the vertical measurement of a feature or part of a feature; the distance above the base
178
helix
the outer rim of the ear
179
hemoglobin
red pigment; the protein coloring matter of the red blood corpuscles which serves to convey oxygen to the tissues forming oxyhemoglobin
180
hidden stitch / intradermal suture
type of suture used to close incisions in such a manner that the ligature remains entirely under the epidermis
181
highlight
a surface lying at right angles to the source of illumination which reflects the maximum amount of light; the brighter part
182
horizontal
parallel to the plane of the horizon
183
hue
the property of a color by which it is distinguished from other colors
184
hunting bow
shaped as a bent wood weapon with a central belly; resembling a cupids bow; the 5 arcs in the line of the lip closure resemble the design of the classic hunting bow
185
hypodermic injection
the insertion of chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle
186
hypodermic tissue building
the injection of special creams or liquids into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle to restore natural contour
187
illumination
giving or casting of light
188
incandescent light
the illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated filament
189
incision
a clean cut into tissue or skin
190
incisive fossa
the depression between the mental eminence and the mandibular incisors
191
incisor teeth
the 4 teeth located anteriorly from the midline on each jaw
192
inclination
slope; deviation from the horizontal or vertical; oblique
193
infantine
babyish, childlike in regard to much adipose tissue; also refers to a facial shape or nasal profile
194
inferior
beneath; lower in plane or position; the undersurface of an organ or indicating a structure below another structure; toward the feet
195
inferior palpebral sulcus
the furrow of the lower attached border of the inferior palpebra; an acquired facial marking
196
infranasal prognathism
a form of prognathism in which the base of the nasal cavity protrudes abnormally
197
inner canthus
eminence at the medial corner of the closed eyelids
198
integumentary lips
superiorly, the skin portion of the upper lip from the attached margin of the upper mucous membrane to the base of the nose; and inferiorly, the skin portion of the lower lip from the attached margin of the lower mucous membrane to the labiomental sulcus
199
interciliary sulci
the vertical or transverse furrows between the eyebrows; acquired facial marking
200
intermediate hue
a pigmentary hue produced by mixing, in equal quantities, a primary hue with its adjacent secondary hue on the color wheel
201
internal decapitation
trauma that occurs when the skull base separates from the spine
202
intertragic notch
a notch or opening between the tragus and the antitragus of the ear
203
inversion
turned in an opposite direction or folded inward
204
inverted triangle
a facial shape with a wide angular forehead, angular jaw, and pointed chin
205
jawline
the inferior border of the mandible
206
juxtaposition
any 2 hues seen together which modify each other in the direction of their complements
207
labia
lips
208
labial sulci
the vertical furrows of each lip extending from within the mucous membranes into the integumentary lips; acquired facial markings
209
labiomental sulcus
the junction of the lower integumentary lip and the superior border of the chin, which. may appear as a furrow; a natural facial marking
210
laceration
an irregularly torn or jagged wound
211
lanugo
the downy hair of a fetus, children, or women
212
lateral
a position or direction away from midline; to the side
213
LED lighting
light emitting diode lighting; a semiconductor device that converts electricity into light; noted for its high energy savings and long lasting durability
214
length
a vertical dimension
215
leptorrhine
a nasal index having a long, narrow, and high bridge (white people)
216
levatorangulioris
a muscle of facial expression which elevates the angle of the mouth
217
levator labii superioris alaque nasi
a muscle of facial expression which elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostril opening; the common elevator
218
levator labii superioris
a muscle of facial expression which elevates and extends the upper lip
219
levator palpebrae superioris
a muscle of facial expression which raises the upper eyelid
220
ligature
thread, cord, or wire used for tying vessels, tissues, or bones
221
light
to shine; a form of electromagnetic radiation that acts upon the retina of the eye to make sight possible
222
line of closure
the line that is formed between 2 structures, such as the lips or the eyelids when in a closed position, which marks their place of contact with each other
223
linear sulci
eyelid furrows which are short and broken, extending horizontally on the palpebrae themselves and which may fan from both the medial and lateral corners of the eyes
224
lip brush
a small, flat brush having soft hairs of uniform length
225
lip wax
a soft restorative wax, usually tinted, used to surface the mucous membranes or to correct lip separations
226
liquid cosmetics
a fluid, colorant in which pigments are dissolved or suspended
227
liquid sealer
a quick drying fluid adhesive
228
lobe
the inferior part of the ear or the projection of the nose overlying the lower lateral cartilages
229
loop stitch
a single, noose like suture, not pulled taut before knotting, which stands from the skin and which anchors restorative materials
230
major restoration
restorative art procedures with greater time requirements, higher skill level, and authorization
231
mandible
the horseshoe shaped bone forming the inferior jaw
232
mandibular fossa
the small oval depression on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible articulates, just anterior to the external auditory meatus
233
mandibular notch
a relatively deep indentation between the condyle and coronoid process of the mandible
234
mandibular prognathism
jaw protrusion of the inferior jaw
235
mandibular sulcus
the furrow beneath the jawline which rises vertically on the cheek; an acquired facial marking
236
mandibular suture
type of mouth closure that utilizes the mandible for the inferior anchor and the nasal septum for the superior anchor
237
margins
the boundaries or edges
238
mascara
a cosmetic preparation used to darken the eyelashes
239
mask
anything that hides or conceals, as cosmetics
240
massage cream
a soft, white, oily preparation used as a protective coating for external tissues; a base for cream cosmetics and a wax softener; an emollient
241
masseter
muscles of mastication which close the mandible
242
mastoid process
the rounded projection on the inferior portion of the temporal bones just posterior to the lobe of the ear
243
matte
having a dull finish; created by the application of loose power, lack of sheen
244
maxilla
a paired bone with several processes that form the skeletal base of most of the superior face, roof of the mouth, sides of the nasal cavity, and floor of the orbit
245
maxillary prognathism
superior jaw protrudes
246
medial
nearer to the midline; opposite of lateral direction
247
medial lobe
tiny prominence on the midline of the superior mucous membrane
248
median plane / mid saggital plane
situated or placed in the middle of the body dividing it into right and left halves
249
melanin
the brown to black brown pigment in the epidermis and hair
250
mental eminence
a triangular projection on the inferior portion of the anterior mandible
251
mentalis
the muscle which elevates and protrudes the inferior lip, wrinkles the skin over the chin
252
messorrhine
a nasal index which is medium broad and medium low bridge (asian/indian)
253
minor restoration
restorative art procedures that require minimal time and basic skill
254
modeling
constructing a form with a pliable material such as wax or clay
255
monochromatic
variations of one hue; tints, tones, and shades of one hue
256
mottle
to diversify with spots or blotches of a different color or shade
257
mouth former
a device used in the mouth for shaping the contour of the lips
258
mucous membranes
the visible red surfaces of the lips; the lining membrane of the body cavities which communicate with the exterior
259
musculature suture
type of mouth closure that utilizes the mentalis muscle for the inferior anchor and the nasal septum for the superior anchor
260
mutilated
disfigured by a loss of a natural part by force
261
nasal bones
directly inferior to the glabella and forming a dome over the superior portion of the nasal cavity
262
nasal cavity
the orifice in the bony face bounded by the margins of the nasal bones and the maxilla
263
nasal index
the ratio of nasal width to nasal height multiplied by 100
264
nasal spine of the maxilla
the sharp, bony projection located medially at the inferior margin of the nasal cavity
265
nasal sulcus
the angular area between the posterior margin of the wing of the nose and the nasolabial fold; a natural facial marking
266
nasolabial fold
the anterior fold of the cheek which descends laterally along the upper lip from the wing of the nose; a natural facial marking
267
nasolabial sulcus
the furrow lying medial and adjacent to the nasolabial fold; an acquired facial marking
268
naso-orbital fossa
the concavity superior and medial to the inner corner of the eye
269
natural facial markings
those that are present at birth, hereditary
270
natural shadows
areas of color in the tissues normally darker than the adjacent areas
271
needle injector
an instrument used to impel specially designed pins (with wire attached to each pin) into bone
272
neoplasm
a new and abnormal formation of tissue, as a tumor or growth
273
norm
the most common characteristics of each feature; typical, common, average
274
oblique
slanting or inclined, neither perpendicular nor horizontal
275
oblique palpebral sulcus
the shallow, curving groove below the medial corner of the eyelids; a natural facial marking
276
oblong
a facial shape in which the head is long and narrow throughout
277
occipital bone
lowest part of the back and base of the cranium, forming a cradle for the brain
278
occipital protuberance
the prominence at the center of the external surface of the occipital bone
279
opaque
not transparent or translucent; not allowing light to pass through a concealing cosmetic
280
oral cavity
the mouth; the orifice containing the teeth and tongue
281
orbicularis oculi
the muscle that closes the eyelids, compresses the lacrimal sacs
282
orbicularis oris
the muscle that closes and puckers the lips
283
orbital pouch
bags under the eyes; the fullness between the inferior palpebrae and the oblique palpebral sulcus
284
ornamental
an adornment or embellishment; to artificially beautify the face
285
oval
a facial shape with a rounded forehead, cheeks, and chin an is longer than it is wide; most common geometric head form
286
palatine bone
one of the bones forming the posterior part of the hard palate and lateral nasal wall between the interior pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla
287
parietal bones
2 bones that form the posterior 2/3 of the vault of the cranium and part of the sides of the skull
288
parietal eminences
the rounded peak of the external convexity of the parietal bones; determines the widest part of the cranium
289
pathological condition
diseased; due to disease
290
penetrating wounds
wounds that cause a puncture of the skin, a cavity, or an organ
291
phenol
disinfectant employed to dry moist tissues and to bleach discolored tissues
292
philtrum
the vertical groove located medially on the superior lip; a natural facial marking
293
physiognomy
the study of the structures and surface markings of the face and features
294
pigment
a coloring matter which can be applied to an object, when combined with some type of vehicle
295
pigment theory
the prang system; system which theorizes that all visible colors originate from 3 primary colors or hues
296
planes
surfaces having very little curvature
297
plaster of paris
calcium sulfate; a white powdery substance which forms a quick setting paste when mixed with water
298
platyrrhine
a nasal index which is short and broad and has the minimum of projection (black)
299
platysma
thin layer of muscle covering anterior aspect of neck
300
platysmal sulci
the transverse, dipping furrow of the neck; an acquired facial marking
301
point of entry
point of insertion for hypodermic injection or channeling
302
pores
minute depressions in the surface of the skin, as in the openings of the sweat glands
303
post embalming
treatments of a restorative nature performed after the embalming operation
304
posterior
position of direction; toward the back
305
powder
any solid substance in the state of fine, loose particles as produced by crushing or grinding
306
powder atomizer
a device used to blow powder onto a surface
307
powder brush
a device containing hairs or bristles set in a handle; used to apply and/or remove powder
308
pre embalming
treatments of a restorative nature performed before the embalming operation
309
primary hue
1 of 3 pigmentary hues (red, blue, yellow) which can be combined to make all other hues; in light color theory the hues red, blue, and green can be combined to make all other hues
310
procerus
the muscle that draws the skin of the forehead inferiorly
311
professional portrait
a photograph or painting in which the subject has been posed and lighted flatteringly by a professional photographer or artist
312
profile
the side view of the human head
313
prognathism
projection of the jaw(s) beyond the projection of the forehead
314
projection
the act of throwing forward; a part extending beyond the level of its surroundings
315
proportions
the relationship of the size of one feature as compared with another feature or with the width or length of the face
316
protruding lobe
the rounded anterior projection of the tip of the nose
317
protrusion
the state of condition of being thrust forward or projecting
318
proximal
a structure that is closer to the center of the body or point of attachment
319
puncture
a hole or wound resulting from piercing
320
purse string suture
a suture made around the circumference of a circular opening or puncture to close it or to hold the margins in position
321
radiate
to spread out from a common point
322
ramus
the vertical portion of the mandible
323
razor burn
a darkened, air dried area on the skin resulting from removal of the epidermis while shaving
324
recession
a type of surface formed by the withdrawal of a part from its normal position
325
rectangle
a facial shape with a flat forehead, cheeks, and jaw that are all the same width, and the length is longer than it is wide
326
reflection
the return of light waves from surfaces; blending or folding back of a part upon itself
327
restorative art
the care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color
328
retrousse
a nose which is turned up superiorly at its tip; a concave nasal profile
329
risorius
the narrow superficial band of muscle which pulls the angel of the mouth laterally
330
rods of the eye
the long, rod shaped sensory bodies of the retina of the eye responsive to light but not color
331
roman
the aquiline profile of the nose
332
root
the apex (top) of the pyramidal mass of the nose which lies directly inferior to the forehead; the concave dip inferior to the forehead
333
round (infantine)
a facial shape in which the vertical distance and the width between the cheekbones are equal and the cheeks and chin are rounded
334
ruddy
red complexion; having a healthy reddish color, said of the complexion, more vivid than florid
335
sagittal
anatomical plane dividing the complexion
336
saturation
a visual aspect indicating the vividness of the hue in the degree of difference from a gray of the same lightness
337
scapha / scaphoid fossa
fossa between the inner and outer rims of the ear; the shallowest depression of the ear
338
sealer
a quick drying material which leaves a hard, thin transparent coat or layer through which moisture cannot pass
339
secondary hue
equal mixture of 2 or primary light colors that will produce pigmentary hues (orange, green, and purple); a mixture of yellow, magenta, and cyan
340
septum
vertical cartilage dividing nasal cavity into 2 chambers, responsible for asymmetry of the nose
341
severed
to have been cut or broken apart; disjoined
342
shade
a hue into which various quantities of black are mixed; the darkened hue
343
shadow
surfaces which do not lie at right angles to the source of illumination or are obscured by other surfaces and which reflect little or no light
344
sheen
shine; as of the refection of natural oils of the skin
345
sides of the nose
the lateral walls of the nose between the wings and the bridge
346
simple fracture
fractured bone which does not pierce the skin
347
soft wax
wax that is softer and more pliable than modeling wax; less adhesive than lip wax
348
spatula
a flat, blunt, knife like instrument used for mixing cosmetics and modeling; a palette knife
349
spectrum
visible band; the original standard of color; the progressive arrangement of colors (ROYGBIV) seen when a beam of white light is broken down into its component colors
350
sponge
an elastic, porous mass of interlacing horny fibers which are permanently attached; remarkable for its power of absorbing water and becoming soft when wet without losing its toughness
351
squama
the vertical surface of the temporal bone
352
square
a facial shape in which the vertical and horizontal measurements are qual, the hairline is straight, and the jaw is angled
353
stain
to discolor with foreign matter; an area so discolored
354
stain removers
any substances or agents which will cause an external discoloration to be removed or lessened
355
sternocleidomastoid
a muscle of the neck that is attached to the mastoid process of the temporal bone and by separate heads to the sternum and clavicle; marks the widest part of the neck
356
stipple brush
a small, rounded, stiff brush, all bristles the same length, used to simulate pores on wax; stencil brush; could be used for cosmetic application
357
straight nasal profile
a nasal profile in which the dorsum exhibits a straight line from the root to the tip; the most common nasal profile
358
subcutaneous
situated or occurring beneath the skin
359
sublingual suture
type of mouth closure that anchors inferior to the tongue and utilizes the nasal septum for the superior anchor
360
submandibular
describing those portions which lie immediately inferior to the mandible
361
submental sulcus
the junction of the base of the chin and the submandibular area, which may appear as a furrow, a natural facial marking
362
subtractive method
method of diminishing the wavelengths of light by superimposing 2 or more color transparencies over the same light source; the light is gradually reduced by absorption of colors in the light
363
sulcus
a furrow, wrinkle, or groove
364
superciliary arches
the inferior part of the forehead just superior to the median ends of the eyebrows
365
supercilia
eyebrows
366
superficial
closer to the surface
367
superior
more elevated in place or position; higher; upper; anatomically towards the head
368
superior palpebral sulcus
the furrow of the superior border of the upper eyelid; an acquired facial marking
369
supraorbital area
region between the supercilium and the superior palpebrae
370
supraorbital margins
the superior rim of the eye sockets
371
surgical reduction
restoration to a normal position or level through surgical exicsion
372
suspension
a substance in which particles of ground pigments are mixed with a fluid but are undissolved
373
suture
act of sewing; also the completed stitch
374
swarthy
dark colored complexion, as a face made swarthy by the tropical sun
375
symmetry
correspondence in size, shape, and relative position of parts that are on opposite sides of the face
376
taper
a form which receded away from a given point; a form which becomes gradually smaller toward one end; to reduce gradually from the center
377
temporal bones
inferior portion of the sides and base of the cranium, inferior to the parietal bones and anterior to the occipital bone
378
temporal cavity
the concave surface of the head overlying the temporal bone
379
temporalis
muscles of mastication which help to close the mandible
380
tertiary hue
the hue which results from the mixture of 2 secondary pigmentary hues or an unbalanced proportion of complements with the warm hue or cool hue predominating
381
texturizing brush
a brush with a relatively large tuft of good quality, fine bristles, such as black sable or finch; used to blend and stipple cosmetics or powder into the applied (cream) cosmetics and clean out deposits impacted in pores
382
three quarter view
in reference to a photograph, a view which reveals the fullness of the cheeks
383
tint
a hue into which various quantities of white are mixed
384
tip
the extremity of anything which tapers (ex. tip of nose; the termination of the forward projection of the nose)
385
tone
a hue mixed with either a small quantity of gray or the complement of the hue, resulting in dulling the hue
386
toupee
a small wig or patch of false hair covering a bald spot; a hairpiece
387
tragus
elevation protecting the ear passage (external auditory meatus)
388
translucent
transmitting light but causing sufficient diffusion to eliminate perception of distinct images; somewhat transparent
389
transparent
having the property of transmitting rays of light thought its substance so that bodies situated beyond or behind can be distinctly seen
390
transverse frontal sulci
furrows which cross the forehead; acquired facial markings
391
trauma
a physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence
392
triangle
a facial shape in which the forehead is pointed, the sides widen inferiorly, and the jaw is the widest point (least common head form)
393
triangular fossa
depression between the crura of the ear; the second deepest depression of the ear
394
tumor
a spontaneous new growth of tissue forming an abnormal mass
395
undercut
the angled cut of the borders of an excision, made so that the skin surface will overhang the deeper tissues
396
undertones
underlying colors in the skin
397
value
the lightness or darkness of a hue
398
vehicle
a material combined with pigments so they may be applied more easily
399
vertical
perpendicular to the plane of the horizon; balanced
400
vertical-concave profile
one in which the forehead and the eyebrows project equally to a vertical line and the chin protrudes more than the upper lip
401
vertical-convex profile
one in which the forehead and the eyebrows project equally to a vertical line and the chin recedes from the projection of the upper lip
402
vertical (balanced) profile
one in which the forehead, upper lip and chin project equally to an imaginary vertical line
403
vomer
bone of the nasal cavity situated between the nasal passageways on the medium plane; it forms the inferior and posterior portion of the septum of the nose
404
warm color areas
areas of the skin surface which, during life, are normally reddened; places where cosmetics will be applied to restore the appearance of warmth that red hemoglobin will give
405
wax
a restorative modeling or surfacing material composed of beeswax, spermaceti, paraffin, starch, and a coloring temperature and will reflect light in a manner similar to normal skin
406
weather line
the line of color change at the junction of the wet and dry portions of each mucous membrane
407
white light
a ray of light which contains all the hues of the visible spectrum, in such proportion that the light appears colorless or "natural"; as daylight or sunlight
408
width
the dimension of an object measured across from side to side
409
wings of the nose
lateral lobes of the nose
410
wire bridging
the length of wire employed to connect 2 structures which are undamaged such as remaining parts of a bone; a wire mesh placed within an aperture to hold other restorative fillers
411
worm suture / inversion suture / draw suture
a method of sewing an incision along the edges without entering the opening whereby the suture becomes invisible, and the line of suture becomes depressed, which lends it ease of concealment by waxing
412
zygomatic arch
the process on the temporal and zygomatic bones; determines the widest part of the face
413
zygomatic arch depression
one of the lesser concavities of the face located on the lateral portion of the cheek inferior to the zygomatic arch
414
zygomatic bones
bones of the cheeks
415
zygomaticofrontal process
the lateral rim of the eye socket formed by a process of the frontal bone and a process of the zygomatic bone
416
zygomaticus major
muscles of the face which draw the superior lip posteriorly and superiorly
417
zygomaticus minor
muscles of the face which draw the superior lip superiorly and anteriorly
