Review Of Surface Anatomy

Question 1

imaginary planes or flat surfaces that cut through and section the body in its anatomical position.

Answer 1

Body plane

Question 2

Anatomical position

Answer 2

Standing upright/erect
Face and eyes directed forward
Arms extended by the sides
Palms turned forward
Heels together
Toes pointing anteriorly

Question 3

What are the 4 fundamental planes

Answer 3

Coronal
Sagittal
Horizontal
Oblique

Question 4

What are the 2 special planes

Answer 4

Interiliac plane
Occlusal plane

Question 5

Transects the pelvis at the top of the iliac crest
Level: L4 spinous process
Used in positioning:
Lumbar spine
Sacrum
Coccyx

Answer 5

Interiliac plane

Question 6

Formed by biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed
Used in positioning:
Odontoid process
Some head projections

Answer 6

Occlusal plane

Question 7

What are the two imaginary perpendicular plane that divides the abdomen into the 4 quadrant

Answer 7

Transverse plane
Vertical plane

Question 8

What are the 4 quadrant

Answer 8

RUQ
RLQ
LUQ
LLQ

Question 9

What are the two transverse plane

Answer 9

Trans pyloric plane
Transtubercular plane

Question 10

At the level of the lower border of L1 (first lumbar vertebra

Answer 10

Transpyloric plane

Question 11

at the level of L5

Answer 11

Transtubercular plane

Question 12

What are the two vertical plane

Answer 12

Left and Right lateral plane

Question 13

The right and left lateral planes are parallel to the midsagittal plane and are located midway between it and each anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS).

Answer 13

Left and Right lateral plane

Question 14

What are the 9 region of the abdomen

Answer 14

Right hypochondriac
Epigastric
Left hypochondriac
Right lateral (lumbar)
Umbilical
Left lateral (lumbar)
Right inguinal (iliac)
Pubic (hypogastric)
Left inguinal (iliac

Question 15

Provide useful, palpable guide points for radiographic positioning.
Variations are seen between patients for different body habitus, but these landmarks represent the anatomic relationships of an average patient.

Answer 15

Surface landmark

Question 16

C1

Answer 16

Mastoid tip

Question 17

C2-c3

Answer 17

Angle of mandible

Question 18

C3-c4

Answer 18

Hyoid bone

Question 19

C5

Answer 19

Thyroid cartilage

Question 20

C7-t1

Answer 20

Vertebral prominence

Question 21

T1

Answer 21

Approximately 2 in above jugular notch

Question 22

T2-t3

Answer 22

Jugular nuts

Question 23

T4-t5

Answer 23

Sternal angle

Question 24

T7

Answer 24

Inferior angle of scapula

Question 25

T9-t10

Answer 25

Xiphoid process

Question 26

L2-l3

Answer 26

Inferior costal margin

Question 27

L4-L5

Answer 27

Iliac crest

Question 28

S1-s2

Answer 28

ASIS

Question 29

Coccyx

Answer 29

Pubic symphysis and Greater trochanter

Question 30

What are the 4 types of body habitus

Answer 30

Hypersthenic Sthenic Asthenic Hyposthenic

Question 31

Body build: Most massive Chest and abdomen: Very broad and deep from front to back. Lungs: Short Diaphragm: High. Transverse colon: Quite high Entire large intestine: Extends to the periphery of the abdominal cavity. Gallbladder: High and almost transverse. It lies well to the right of midline in the upper abdominal cavity. The stomach: Very high and assumes a transverse position.

Answer 31

Hypersthenic

Question 32

The opposite of hypersthenic. Body build: More slender Lungs: Narrow Diaphragm: Low Large intestine: Pushed down into the low abdominal and pelvic cavities. Stomach:J-shaped and low in the abdominal cavity, extending from approximately T11 down to L5 or lower. The gallbladder is near the midline, at the level of the iliac crest, approximately at L3 to L4.

Answer 32

Hyposthenic/asthenic

Question 33

Body build: Average Stomach: J-shaped, located lower within the abdominal cavity than in the hypersthenic body type Gallbladder:Less transverse and lies midway between the lateral abdominal wall and midline. Left colic (splenic) flexure of the large intestine: Quite high, resting under the left diaphragm.

Answer 33

Sthenic

Question 34

The study of bones

Answer 34

Osteology

Question 35

How many bones are in the adult body

Answer 35

206

Question 36

The adult human skeleton is divided into _________&___________

Answer 36

Appendicular skeleton Axial skeleton

Question 37

Includes all bones that lie on or near the central axis of the body. Consists of 80 bones Includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

Answer 37

Axial skeleton

Question 38

How many bones are in the axial skeleton

Answer 38

80

Question 39

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton

Answer 39

126

Question 40

What are the 5 types of bones

Answer 40

Flat Long Short Irregular Sesamoid

Question 41

Consist of a body and two ends or extremities. Are found only in the appendicular skeleton.

Answer 41

Long bone

Question 42

Are roughly cuboidal Found only in the wrists and ankles.

Answer 42

Short bones

Question 43

Consist of two plates of compact bone with cancellous bone and marrow between them. Examples of flat bones are the bones that make up the calvaria (skull cap), sternum, ribs, and scapulae.

Answer 43

Flat bones

Question 44

Bones that have peculiar shapes. Vertebrae, facial bones, bones of the base of the cranium, and bones of the pelvis are examples of irregular bones.

Answer 44

Irregular bones

Question 45

Study of joints

Answer 45

Arthrology

Question 46

2 classification of joints

Answer 46

Structural Functtional

Question 47

What is under structural joints

Answer 47

Cartilaginous Fibrous Synovial

Question 48

What is under functional joints

Answer 48

Synarthrosis Amphiarthrosis Diarthrosis

Question 49

What is under fibrous joints

Answer 49

Sutures Gomphoses Syndesmosis

Question 50

What is under cartilaginous joints

Answer 50

Symphysis Synchondrosis

Question 51

No movement between joints

Answer 51

Synarthrosis

Question 52

Slightly movable joints

Answer 52

Amphiarthrosis

Question 53

Movable joints

Answer 53

Diarthrosis