REVIEW: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

Male Reproductive system is consist of:

Answer 1

-Testis
-System of Ducts
-glands
-Penis

Question 2

produces sperm & sex hormones

Answer 2

testis

Question 3

secrete seminal fluid

Answer 3

glands

Question 4

delivers semen

Answer 4

penis

Question 5

Meiosis produces gametes in the __________.

Answer 5

seminiferous tubules

Question 6

Types of Cells in Seminiferous Tubules:

Answer 6

1.Spermatogenic Series
2. Nonspermatogenic

Question 7

Spermatogenic series

Answer 7

-spermatogonia
-spermatocytes
-spermatids
-spermatozoa

Question 8

Nonspermatogenic

Answer 8

-Sertoli Cells
-Leydig Cells

Question 9

Sperm cells are genetically diverse because of the _______________

Answer 9

Crossing over or random distortment of Chromosome

Question 10

which contains the half of the genome & acrosome containing the enzymes

Answer 10

Sperm: Head

Question 11

containing the mitochondria which provide the ATP for its journey to the egg

Answer 11

Sperm: Middle Piece

Question 12

for locomotion

Answer 12

Sperm: Tail or Flagella

Question 13

Human Sperm cell: Size

Answer 13

50-70 μm

Question 14

Human Sperm Cell: shape

Answer 14

Ovoid

Question 15

Human Sperm Cell: Number

Answer 15

200 M

Question 16

Female Reproductive system parts:

Answer 16

-External Parts
-Internal Parts

Question 17

External Parts

Answer 17

-Clitoris
-Labia (minora & majora)

Question 18

Internal Parts

Answer 18

-Ovary
-System of Ducts
-Uterus

Question 19

produces egg cells and hormones

Answer 19

ovary

Question 20

• Production of offspring by a single parent
• Offspring inherit DNA from only one parent
• Requires less energy than sexual reproduction

Answer 20

Asexual Reproduction (Development of Asexually Produced Organisms)

Question 21

End product of Gametogenesis

Answer 21

Haploid Cells (Either Sperm or Egg)

Question 22

No. Of gametes produced per 1 cycle of gametogenesis

Answer 22

Spermatogenesis: 4 gametes
Oogenesis: 1 gamete

Question 23

Interruptions in Gametogenesis

Answer 23

Spermatogenesis: Uninterrupted
Oogenesis: Will not be completed without interruption of sperm

Question 24

-produces a clear, viscous secretion known aspre-ejaculate that helps to lubricate the urethra forspermatozoato pass through, neutralizing traces ofacidicurinein the urethra,and helps flush out any residual urine or foreign matter.
-It is possible for this fluid to pick upsperm in theurethral bulbfrom previous ejaculations, and carry them out prior to the next ejaculation.

Answer 24

Bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s gland)

Question 25

-store and secrete a slightly alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance, that usually constitutes 20–30% of the volume of the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid -The alkalinity of semen helps neutralize the acidity of the vaginal tract, prolonging the lifespan of sperm

Answer 25

Prostate gland

Question 26

secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral glands in males

Answer 26

Bartholin’s gland

Question 27

– from conception to birth – approximately 9 months

Answer 27

Human Gestation TIme

Question 28

Embryonic development

Answer 28

1-2 months

Question 29

Fetal Development

Answer 29

3-9 months

Question 30

Contraceptives blocks what?

Answer 30

1.Releasing & Transport of gametes 2.Fertilization 3. Implantatiom

Question 31

Types of Contraceptives

Answer 31

1. Ovulation-suppressing methods 2. Barrier methods (physical and chemical) 3. Surgical methods 4. Implantation-suppressing methods 5. Others

Question 32

usually contain a combination of hormones that prevent release of FSH and LH, inhibiting development of the follicle so that no oocytes are released

Answer 32

Oral contraceptives

Question 33

can be implanted under the skin of the upper arm and offer long-term suppression of ovulation

Answer 33

Time-release capsules (e.g. Norplant®)

Question 33

-fitted over the erect penis -placed inside the vagina

Answer 33

Barrier Method (Physical):Condom

Question 33

cap the cervix and block passage of the sperm into the uterus

Answer 33

Barrier Method (Physical): Diaphragm

Question 34

also covers the cervix

Answer 34

Barrier methods (physical): Cervical Cap

Question 35

the vas deferens connecting the testes with the urethra is cut and sealed to prevent the transport of sperm

Answer 35

Surgical methods: Vasectomy

Question 35

kill sperm on contact and must be placed in the vagina prior to intercourse

Answer 35

Barrier methods (chemical): Spermicidal jelly or foam

Question 36

An implantation-suppressing method that has types of RU-486 and Plan B

Answer 36

Morning-After Pill

Question 36

-Requires the man to withdraw his penis from the vagina before ejaculation -Very unreliable

Answer 36

Coitus Interruptus

Question 36

the oviduct is cut and ends tied off to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus

Answer 36

Surgical method: Tubal ligation

Question 36

-interferes with the implantation of the fertilized egg into the uterine wall -blocks the action of progesterone, which leads to the non-synthesis of the proteins necessary to begin and maintain pregnancy

Answer 36

RU-486

Question 37

Physically blocks the fertilized egg from implanting

Answer 37

Implantation-suppressing methods:Intra-uterine device (IUD)

Question 37

Contains progestin that blocks ovulation, fertilization and implantation

Answer 37

Plan B

Question 38

-Deliberate removal of the fetus or embryo before it is ready for birth -Done mechanically (e.g. suction for less than 3 months and surgery for older) -Done chemically (e.g. RU-486 & prostaglandins) to expel the embryo and the endometrial discharge

Answer 38

Abortion