Revision Flashcards

Question

issues minority groups face

Answer 1

``` -stereotypes myths discrimination kinship traditional laws gender issues disadvantage (no access to education, employment etc.) ```

Answer 2

``` uncertainty avoidance high/low context formal v informal individualist v collectivist context ambuiguity masculine v feminine direct v indirect sequential v synchronic ```

Answer 3

time is linear and can be spent, wasteed etc.

Answer 4

time is a constant flow to be experienced

Answer 5

high context cultures= meaning is verbal and explicit | low context= meaning is conveyed by situation and context

Answer 6

the extent to which a culture values status and power and expect that these are distributed unequally. Low power distance cultures are more consultation or democracy  High power distance cultures are structured and hierarchical approach to communication with those in power

Answer 7

Masculine cultures value assertiveness and dominance |  Feminine cultures value nurturing/caring and cooperation

Answer 8

cultures with high affect show their feelings plainly by | laughing, smiling, grimacing, scowling, shouting, etc

Answer 9

neutral cultures do not telegraph their feelings, but keep | them carefully controlled and subdued

Answer 10

knowledge skills awareness

Answer 11

respect, reciprocity, recognition

Answer 12

``` cultural awareness  cultural competence  cultural safety  cultural security  transcultural care  cultural respect ```

Answer 13

formal areas of study and practice in the cultural beliefs, values and life ways of diverse cultures and in the use of knowledge to provide culture-specific or culture-universal care to individuals, families and groups of particular cultures

Answer 14

model emphasizes that the responsibility for culturally secure health services lies with the system as a whole, rather than individual health workers.

Answer 15

‘uphold the rights … people to maintain, protect and develop their culture and achieve equitable health outcomes

Answer 16

aims to increase participants’ awareness of ‘cultural, social and historical factors, promoting participants’ selfreflection on their own culture and ‘tendency to stereotype

Answer 17

a commitment and active engagement in a lifelong process that individuals enter into on an ongoing basis with patients, communities, colleagues, and with themselves

Answer 18

someone with some degree of hearing loss (usually profound and from early life) uses sign language as their preferred mode of communication

Answer 19

some difficulty hearing sounds | uses spoken language as their preferred language

Answer 20

- getting attention - deaf nod - long goodbye - expressive language

Answer 21

harmful because it can inhibit or | prevents people from reaching their full potential

Answer 22

a brain related disorder caused by diseases and other conditions. charaterised by issues with memory, focusing attention, visual perception, reasoning, judgement and comprehension.

Answer 23

``` difficulty finding words using speech that doesnt make sense deteriorated writing and reading skills loss of normal social conventions difficulty expressing emotions some people can still read or sing songs ```

Answer 24

1. patient 2. institutional 3. environmental

Answer 25

``` argue order the person around tell them what they cant do be condescending asking questions that rely on memory dont talk in front of them as though theyre not there ```

Answer 26

``` Maximise attention  Expression and body language  Keep it simple  Support the conversation  Assist with visual aids  Get their message  Encourage and engage in communication ```

Answer 27

electronically mediated communication

Answer 28

takes place outside of real time

Answer 29

- messages get lost without nonverbals - exposure and over exposure - exclusion (elderly cant communicate etc.) - harrassment and cyber bullying

Answer 30

the amount of feedback the communicator receives. ▪ the number and nature of the cues that the channel can convey ▪ the number and nature of the cues that can translate ▪ the variety of language used for conveying emotion

Answer 31

``` dependency and inclusion counter dependency trust and structure work termination ```

Answer 32

(E.g. Information seeker, coordinator, | recorder, initiator, critic)

Answer 33

(E.g. Encourager, observer, harmoniser)

Answer 34

(E.g. Dominator, blocker, special‐interest | pleader, joker)

Answer 35

a ‘psychological space’ or distance between individuals, one that is often used to emphasize the clinician’s stance of anonymity, neutrality and objectivity”

Answer 36

“A professional enters into a dual relationship whenever he or she assumes a second role with a client, becoming [health professional] and friend, employer, teacher, business associate, family member, or sex partner”

Answer 37

The psychological and physical response you experience when you perceive a discrepancy between the demands of a situation and your capacity to cope.

Answer 38

``` self generated work money relationships irritants life changes ```

Answer 39

primary and secondary apraisal

Answer 40

perfect balance of stress and resources

Answer 41

``` empathy active listening self disclosure questioning for understanding reframing ```

Answer 42

This traditional model is victim-based ▪ Focus on negative outcomes and how to alleviate these outcomes ▪ Outcomes inc: Depression, Withdrawal, PTSD, Anxiety /distress, Poor communication

Answer 43

This model is survivor-based ▪ Focus on the strengths a person has to survive extraordinary challenges ▪ Still feelings of distress, but also positive outcomes

Answer 44

emergency centres

Answer 45

intergenerational

Answer 46

1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

Answer 47

Ways of coping that are immature and defensive • Avoid dealing with a problem ▪ An emotional response that doesn’t help reduce stress in the long-term • Can lead to you taking frustrations out on someone who is likely not the cause of your stress ▪ Self-indulgence

Answer 48

▪ Thoughts, feelings and actions that help deal with the cause of the stress ▪ Need to consider if this is a problem that can be changed or not ▪ Problem –focussed coping ▪ Emotion-focussed coping

Answer 49

not only a recovery element but also a protective | factor in post traumatic growth

Answer 50

not only a recovery element but also a protective | factor in post traumatic growth

Answer 51

 Power is part of all interpersonal messages  aggressive –assertive -passive  Power varies from person to person  Power is rarely static  Power is frequently used unfairly  failure to assert may be due to lack of perceived power  Power follows principle of less interest  greater interest = least power  Power has an age, gender and cultural dimension  High vs Low power distance

Answer 52

``` Coalitions  temporary alliances increase relative power  Defiance  purposeful noncompliance  Resistance  ambiguous noncompliance ```

Answer 53

occurs when one person’s ideas, beliefs, goals and/or behaviour are at odds with ideas, beliefs, goals and/or behaviour of another person

Answer 54

is a disagreement between connected individuals who each want something that is incompatible with what the other wants.

Answer 55

``` pseudo fact value policy ego Metaconflict = conflict about communication & how you speak to someone during a conflict. ```

Answer 56

``` Forcing/competing  Withdrawing  Accommodating  Compromising  Collaborating ```

Answer 57

1. task 2. personal 3. process

Answer 58

collaborative approach involving a 3rd party or mediator to assist the disputing parties to reach a mutually satisfying solution to their conflict.

Answer 59

focused on providing the parties with an evaluation of their case and directing them toward settlement, i.e. the mediator will express a view on what might be a fair or reasonable settlement.

Answer 60

Facilitative mediator facilitates the conversation

Answer 61

Biased mediators enter into a conflict with specific biases in favour of one party or another.

Answer 62

begins as mediation, but if mediation fails, the mediator becomes an arbiter.

Answer 63

conflict as a crisis in the way parties communicate