Revision: Pneumonia/ TB Flashcards
(32 cards)
which type of hypersensitivity is TB?
delayed type 4, caseating
what is the main cause of TB?
mycobacterium tuberculosis
what is seen on CXR in (active) TB?
- Shadows, lesions, consolidation
- Ghon focus in periphery of mid zone of lung - primary site of infection
- Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
- ‘Miliary shadowing’ = miliary TB
active TB management?
- Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol for 2 months- RIPE
- Rifampicin and Isoniazid for a further 4 months- RI
latent TB management?
- Rifampicin and Isoniazid for 3 months- RI
- OR Isoniazid for 6 months
rifampicin side effects?
red/ orange body fluid discolouration
isoniazid side effects?
peripheral neuropathy
pyrazinamide side effects?
hepatoxicity
ethambutol side effects?
blurred/ poor/ loss of vision
what is pneumonia?
Common LRT infection characterized by inflammation of the lung tissue
what is the most common cause of pneumonia?
strep pneumoniae
possible cause of pneumonia in elderly/ COPD patients?
Haemophilus influenza
pneumonia in PWID/ after influenza?
staph aureus
legionella associated with?
inhalation of contaminated water droplets
pneumonia in children and young adults, peaks/ comes in waves every 4 years?
mycoplasma pneumonia
pneumonia in farmer/ Q fever?
coxiella burnetti
pneumonia in bird owners?
chlamydia psitacci
aspiration pneumonia?
klebsiella
(red currant jelly sputum)
pneumonia in immunocompromised e.g. AIDS patients?
pneumocytis jirovecci
signs of pneumonia?
- Rigors
- pyrexia
- Crackles and rub
- herpes labialis
- Tachypnoea
- cyanosis
- hypOtension
what makes up curb 65?
for PNEUMONIA
- Confusion
- Urea ≳ 7 mmol
- Resp. rate > 30
- BP - systolic < 90, diastolic ≲ 60
- ≳65 years
rust coloured sputum?
strep pneumonia
green sputum in pneumonia?
pseudomonas, haemophilus
describe anaerobes sputum ?
foul smelling and bad-tasting sputum
