Reviwer Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

This term refers to a practice in the field of criminology that focuses on studying the relationship between criminal behavior and any external factors.

A

POSITIVISM

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2
Q

Its a formal idea or set of ideas that is Intended to explain how and why something happen

A

THEORY

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3
Q

.Its a severe mental deficiency and was considered, along with idiot, imbecile, and moron to be a relatively precise psychiatric classification.

A

FEEBLE-MINDED

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4
Q

He was a Swiss pastor who concluded that one could determine criminal behavior through an examination of a person’s eyes, ears, nose, chin, and facial shape.

A

JOHANN KASPAR LAVATER

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5
Q

This theory is based on the belief that human behavior originated from the brain

A

PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORIES

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6
Q

He was a German neuroanatomist and behavior originated in the brain. Physiologist who pioneered the study of the human brain as the source of mental faculties and who developed the practice of cranioscopy.

A

Franz Joseph Gall

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7
Q

He was the first to connect crime to human Evolution and was considered as the Father of Empirical (Scientific) Criminology.

A

CESARE LOMBROSO

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8
Q

This theory/practice is aimed to improve human hereditary traits by encouraging, through the distribution of incentives, “able” couples to reproduce.

A

POSITIVE EUGENICS

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9
Q

They were the first to suggest that a causal Relationship between hormones and criminal behavior exist.

A

SCHLAPP AND SMITH

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10
Q

Blood sugar levels, according to studies, revealed that it is associated with irritability, aggressive reactions and may Culminate in sexual offences, assaults and motiveless murder. What do you call this condition of having chronically reduced blood sugar caused by the excessive production of insulin.

A

Hypoglycemia

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11
Q

Preliminary studies indicate that the brains of Violent offenders and the brains of other individuals differ in both structure And function. A recent study concluded that behavioral problems may Originate in the HPA axis that connects the brain to the adrenal glands, which regulate the production of important hormones. HPA stands for____________.

A

Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal

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12
Q

According to Physique Theory, this type usually commits petty theft and fraud crime.

A

ASTHENIC

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13
Q

.He argued that the only way to solve crime Was by eliminating people who were morally, mentally, or physically “unfit,” or by segregating them in an environment apart from the rest of society.

A

Earnest Hooten

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14
Q

According to the Somatotype Theory, what body type is more likely to commit crime?

A

Mesomorph

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15
Q

Researchers have found out that higher levels of this hormone are associated with increased levels of violence and aggression, both in males and females. The male sex hormone being referred to is knowns as __________

A

Testosterone

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16
Q

Three classifications of body type according to William Sheldon.

A

1.endomorph
2.mesomorph
3. ectomorph

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17
Q

Four classifications of physique by Ernst Kretschmer.

A

1.asthenic
2.athletic
3. pyknic
4. dysplastic

18
Q

Two kinds of eugenics.

A

POSITIVE EUGENICS
NEGATIVE EUGENICS

19
Q

Three kinds of positivism by Cesare Lombroso.

A
  1. Biological positivism
  2. Psychological positivism
  3. Social positivism
20
Q

Seven Steps of Scientific Method.

A
  1. Observation
  2. Statement of the problem
  3. Formulation or hypotheses
  4. Testing of the hypotheses using controlled experimentation
  5. Analyses of experimental results
  6. Interpretation of Data Obtained from the Testing and Analyses and the Formulation of a Conclusion.
  7. Publication or Dissemination of Findings to Inform Interested Populations and Future Research.
21
Q

Physique Theory

A

Ernst Kretschmer

22
Q

Physiognomy

A

Giambattista della Porta

23
Q

Anthropological Criminology

A

Cesare Lombroso

24
Q

The Jukes Study

A

Richard Dugdale

25
Theory of eugenics
Francis Galton
26
Law of enheritance
Gregor Mendel
27
Crime and the man
Earnest Hooten
28
Somatotyping
William H. Sheldon
29
On the Origin of Species
Charles Darwin
30
Handbook on Criminal Anthropology
Jacob Fries
31
another hormone associated primarily with female reproductive processes, such as pregnancy and menstruation.
Progesterone
32
2 types of positivism
INDIVIDUAL POSITIVISM SOCIOLOGICAL POSITIVISM
33
3 major psychological theory
Psychodynamics Behavioral Cognitive
34
Types of Neurosis
Anxiety Disorder Personality Disorder Somatoform Disorder Impulse control Disorder Sleep Disorder
35
Types of Phychosis
DELUTIONAL DISORDER MOOD DISORDER DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER SCHIZOPHRENIA DISORDER
36
Behavioral Theories
Theory of Contiguity Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning
37
Freud's psychosexual development
ORAL ANAL PHALLIC LATENCY GENITAL
38
Erikson's psychosocial development
1. Trust vs. Mistrust 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt 3. Initiative vs. Guilt 4. Industry vs. Inferiority 5. Identity vs. Confusion 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation 8. Integrity vs. Despair
39
3 chemical
Norepinephrine Dopamine Serotonin
40
Research on neurotransmitters showed that high levels of norepinephrine, low levels of dopamine, and low levels of have been associated with aggression.
SEROTONIN
41
It refers to the conduct of systematic observation and the accumulation of evidence and objective fact within a deductive framework prior to creating conclusion.
POSITIVISM