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Rh Blood Group Flashcards

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1
Q

Most complex of all rbc blood group system

A

Rh

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2
Q

Is the most important rbc antigen in transfusion reaction

A

D antigen after A and B

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3
Q

Who lack d ag do not have

A

Anti D

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4
Q

Antibody produced through expiosure to D Ag through what

A

Oregnancy or transfusion

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5
Q

This is greater than that of all otehr rbc Ag studied

A

Immunogenicity D

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6
Q

Is routinely performed so D neg will be transfused with D

A

Testing for D

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7
Q

That delivery of stull born and adverse reaction in mom to blood transfusion from father were related discovered by

A

Levine and stetson 1989

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8
Q

Syndome in fetus is called

A

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn

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9
Q

Syndrome had complicated oregnanciea for decades causing severe jaundice and death

A

Erthroblastosis fetalis

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10
Q

Suggestied that Ag are determined by

A

3 pairs of genes which occupy closely linked loci

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11
Q

Eqch gene causes priduction of antige exceot

A

d

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12
Q

Three loci carry the rh gene are so closely linked that they never separate but are passed from generation to generation ws a unit or gene complex

A

Fisher race

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13
Q

Nan offspring of Dce/dce individual will inherit either dce or Dce from the parent never

A

dCe

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14
Q

The gene complex DCe woukd cause priduction of

A

D C and e ag

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15
Q

If one chromosome carried DCe and other was DcE would cause

A

D,C,c,E,e ag

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16
Q

Each ag is recognizable by testing red cell with specific ag except

A

d

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17
Q

Each gene produces a structure on the red cell called

A

Agglutinogen or Ag

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18
Q

What are the 8 major allelespostulated that twi genes one or each chromosomes pair controls the entire express of Rh system

A

Wiener

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19
Q

The two theories are the basis for the twi notation currently used for the rh system

A

Wiener and fisher race

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20
Q

Convert Dce fisher race into wiener

A

R0

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21
Q

Most common D positive genotype

A

R1r

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22
Q

Most common D genotype

A

rr

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23
Q

Refer to genes

A

Superscript Rh upper 1

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24
Q

Refers to agglutinogen

A

Subscript Rh below 1

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25
Proposed a nomnclature based ibky on serologic reaction
Rosenfield 1962
26
This are numbered in order of their discovery and recognition as belonging to the rh system
Ag
27
ISBT measn
International society of blood transfusion
28
004001
D Ag
29
004
Rh
30
For recording of phenotypes the sytem adopts
Rosenfield approach
31
Agglutination reaction pos and neg will represent the
Phenotype
32
Statistical probability to determine most probable
Genotype
33
Uses of Rh phenotyping
Parenting testing Predicting HDN Conforming Rh Ab Locationg compatible blood for receipient with rh ab
34
Is the result of the reaction between the red cell and antisera
Phenotype
35
Genetic make up and can be predicted using the phenotype and considering the race
Genotype
36
Three mechanism for weak D
Mosaic Position effect Genetic
37
Inherit weak D or position effect
Quantitative
38
Mosaic D could produce Anti D
Qualitative
39
Is the most important blood grouo system after ABO in transfusio medicine
Rh
40
Inherited from parents in linked fashion as
Haplotypes
41
Below an offspring of the dce/Dce individual will inherit eithe dce or Dce from the present neve dce as this would indicate crossing over which does niy occur in rhy system in man
Fisher race
42
Stimulated as a resukt of transfusion or preg they are immune
Rh ab
43
Ab accounts for majority of unexpected ab encountered
Rh antigens
44
That control the system are
Autosomal condominant chrom 1
45
Postulated the two gene one on each chromosome pair control tge entire express of rh
Wiener
46
Each gene produces a structure on the red cell
Antigen or agglutinogen
47
Each agglutinogen can be identified its part or factors that react with specific ab
Wiener
48
Propesed a nomenclature based only seologic reaction
Rosenfield
49
Antigen are numbered in order of their discovery and recognition as belonging to the rh system
Rosenfield
50
This has no genetic assumption made
Rosenfield
51
The phenotype of a given cell is expressed by the base symbol of rh followed by a colon and a list of numbers of tye speciic antisera used
Rosenfield
52
Since di is an amorph
No anti d
53
Ceated to standardize blood group system nomenclature
Isbt
54
Require for routine tetsing
Anti D
55
Agglutination pos or neg respresent what
Phenotype
56
Three mechanism fo weak D
Genetic Position effect Mosaic
57
Inherited weak D or position effect
Quanti
58
Mosaic D or produce Anti D
Quali
59
Inheritance of D gene which result in lowered densities of D antigens on Rbc membranes genes code for less D
Weak D genetic
60
Absemce of portion or portion of the total material that compromises the D antigen
Partial D
61
Partial D old term as
D mosaic
62
Position effect
C trans
63
C and D antigen arrangement causes steric hindrance which result in
Weakening or suppresion of D expression
64
If the patient is transfused with D pisituve red cell they ma deelop an
Anti D aalloantibody
65
Are epirope which occur due to presence of two rh gene on the same chromosome, cis position
Compound antigen
66
Gene product include not only products of of single gene but also combine fenete that is also antigenic
Compound antigen
67
This cell clearly mark on antigram of screen and panel cells
F cell
68
Hat code for C or D
G antigen
69
Invariably present in rbc possessing C or D
G antigen
70
Minics Anti C or anti D
Anti G
71
Cannot be separated into andti C and anti D
Anti G activity
72
Very rare | Individual inherit Rh gene complex lacking alleles
D deletion
73
D deletion may be
Ee or Cc
74
It must be what for rara deletion to be detected
Homozygous
75
No reaction when rbc are tested with
Anti E, anti e anti C anti c
76
D deletion written as
D-- or -D-
77
Variant rh antigen
C^w
78
Low frequency antigen found in 1-2% of whites and rare in black
C up w
79
In cw antibodies to these antigen can be naturally occuring may play a role in
HFDN OR HTR
80
Antibodies which often occur togenther
Concominant rh ab
81
Inherited from parents in linked fashion as
Haplotypes
82
Below an offspring of the dce/Dce individual will inherit eithe dce or Dce from the present neve dce as this would indicate crossing over which does niy occur in rhy system in man
Fisher race
83
Stimulated as a resukt of transfusion or preg they are immune
Rh ab
84
Ab accounts for majority of unexpected ab encountered
Rh antigens
85
That control the system are
Autosomal condominant chrom 1
86
Postulated the two gene one on each chromosome pair control tge entire express of rh
Wiener
87
Each gene produces a structure on the red cell
Antigen or agglutinogen
88
Each agglutinogen can be identified its part or factors that react with specific ab
Wiener
89
Propesed a nomenclature based only seologic reaction
Rosenfield
90
Antigen are numbered in order of their discovery and recognition as belonging to the rh system
Rosenfield
91
This has no genetic assumption made
Rosenfield
92
The phenotype of a given cell is expressed by the base symbol of rh followed by a colon and a list of numbers of tye speciic antisera used
Rosenfield
93
Since di is an amorph
No anti d
94
Ceated to standardize blood group system nomenclature
Isbt
95
Require for routine tetsing
Anti D
96
Agglutination pos or neg respresent what
Phenotype
97
Three mechanism fo weak D
Genetic Position effect Mosaic
98
Inherited weak D or position effect
Quanti
99
Mosaic D or produce Anti D
Quali
100
Red cell have no rh antigen sites
Rh null
101
The lack of antigen causes the red cell mem leading to
Stomatocytosis and HA
102
2 rh null phenotype
Regulatory type | Amorph type
103
Gene inherited but not expressed
Regulatory type
104
RHD gene is absent no expression of RHCE gene
Anorph type
105
Conplex ab may be produced requiring use of rare, autologous compatible blood from sibling
Rh null
106
Except for rare example of anti E o anti C shich may be naturally occuring most occur from immunization due to transfusion or pregnancy
Rh ab
107
Order of immunogenicity
D c E C e
108
Most frequently encountered ab followed by anti c
Anti E
109
Rare as singke ab
Anti C
110
Ly encountered as only 2 % of the population is ag neg
Anti e
111
Discovered at the same time as rh antigen
LW
112
Detected on cell of rhesus monkey and human rbc proportion as D Ag
LW

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