Rheumatoid And Osteoarthritis Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is rheumatoid arthritis and what are some of its characteristic symptoms?
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease primarily involving the joints, but can also affect major organs. It is characterised by symmetrical joint pain and inflammation, morning stiffness, malaise, fever, and fatigue.
Describe the current understanding of the cause of rheumatoid arthritis.
The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, but it is considered an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks and causes inflammation of the joint linings.
How does the progression of rheumatoid arthritis affect the joints?
Disease progression leads to the destruction of cartilage, bone erosion, and narrowing of the joint space.
What is the main goal of medical management for rheumatoid arthritis, and does it involve a cure?
The main goal of medical management is to control the disease and limit damage, as there is currently no cure.
Briefly explain the difference between first-line and second-line medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.
First-line drugs (like NSAIDs and corticosteroids) are fast-acting and used in the initial phase but cannot prevent joint destruction. Second-line drugs (like DMARDs) are slower acting, affect the disease course, and can have significant toxic side effects.
When would an occupational therapist consider a patient with rheumatoid arthritis a candidate for intervention?
An occupational therapist would consider a patient with RA a candidate if they are likely to experience a decline in occupational functioning due to pain, fatigue, loss of strength, endurance, ROM, or coping skills.
What is the primary purpose of the initial interview or occupational history in occupational therapy assessment for rheumatoid arthritis?
The primary purpose is to gain an in-depth understanding of the patient’s occupational life, including the balance of rest and activity, meaning of occupations, environmental supports/barriers, and the effects of physical limitations on performance.
Name two hand deformities commonly seen in rheumatoid arthritis and briefly describe one of them.
Two common hand deformities are Ulnar Drift (or deviation) of the MCP joints, Swan-neck Deformity, and Boutonniere Deformity. Ulnar drift involves deviation of the phalanx from the metacarpal head and a lateral shift of the phalanx upon the metacarpal.
What are the main goals of applying the principles of joint protection in rheumatoid arthritis?
The main goals are to preserve joint integrity, relieve joint pain during activities, and reduce local inflammation.
Provide two examples of practical application of joint protection principles.
Examples include: using the largest, strongest joints for a task (e.g., pushing or pulling rather than carrying), avoiding positions of deformity (e.g., not opening sealed jars with MCP deviation), reducing force (e.g., using built-up handles), or balancing rest and activity.
