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FRANCE 🇫🇷 > Rhône > Flashcards

Rhône Flashcards

(30 cards)

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1
Q

Where is Rhône valley?

A

Southeastern France, stretching alone the Rhône River, between the cities of Lyon (north) and Avignon (south)

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2
Q

What is the climate here?

A

Northern Rhône: continental, steep south facing vineyards maximise sun exposure

Southern Rhône: Mediterranean, lower rainfall

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3
Q

What is the wind that influence the wine region?

A

Mistral

powerful, cold and dry wind helps cool down the vineyards

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4
Q

What are the soils you can found here?

A

Northern Rhône:
•granite
•schist and mica
•clay
•Arzelle (Condrieu & Chateau-Grillet)

Southern Rhône:
•limestone and clay
•sandy soils
•Galets Roulés (rounded pebbles) - absorb heat during day and release at night

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5
Q

What is the unique soil you can found in Condrieu AOP / Chateaue-Grillet?

A

Arzelle

mixture of decomposed granite, mica, schist and clay. Excellent drainage, ability to reflect sunlight.

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6
Q

What are the grape varieties you can find here?

A

Northern Rhône:
•Syrah
•Viognier
•Marsanne and Roussanne

Southern Rhône:
•Grenache
•Syrah and Mourvèdre
•Cinsault and Carignan
•Counoise
and more

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7
Q

How many grapes permitted in CDP? And what are them?

A

13 grapes (18 in different varieties):

  1. Grenache (Blanc/Noir/Gris)
  2. Syrah
  3. Mourvèdre
  4. Cinsault
  5. Counoise
  6. Muscardin
  7. Terret Noir
  8. Vaccarèse
  9. Clairette
  10. Bourboulenc
  11. Picpoul (Blanc/Noir/Gris)
  12. Picardan
  13. Roussanne
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8
Q

How many AOPs are there in Northern Rhône? And what are them?

A

8 AOPs, north-south:

  1. Côte-Rôtie AOP
  2. Condrieu AOP
  3. Château-Grilllet AOP
  4. Saint-Joseph AOP (W/R)
  5. Crozes-Hermitage/Ermitage AOP (W/R)
  6. Hermitage/Ermitage AOP (W/R)
  7. Cornas AOP
  8. Saint-Péray AOP (W/SW)

there are 4 more (not important):
1. Chatillon-en-Diois AOP (W/R/R)
2. Clairette de Die AOP (sparkling)
3. Coteaux de Die AOP (BLANC)
4. Crémant de Die AOP (sparkling)

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9
Q

What is Côte-Rotie AOP?

A

ROUGE only

Syrah plus max 20% Viognier
(co-fermented)

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10
Q

What is Saint-Joseph AOP?

A

BLANC & ROUGE

blanc: marsanne & roussanne
rouge: Syrah plus max 10% marsanne/roussanne (blended)

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11
Q

What is Crozes-Hermitage AOP?

A

BLANC & ROUGE

blanc: marsanne & rousanne
rouge: Syrah plus max 15% marsanne/roussanne (blended)

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12
Q

What is Hermitage AOP?

A

BLANC & ROUGE only (Vin de Paille is permitted)

blanc: marsanne & roussanne
rouge: Syrah plus max 15% marsanne/roussanne (blended)
Vin de Paille: marsanne/roussanne usually (dried 45 days)

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13
Q

What is Saint-Péray AOP?

A

BLANC only, STILL & SPARKLING

made from Marsanne & Roussanne

sparkling is made by METHODE TRADITIONNELLE

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14
Q

What is Clairette de Die AOP?

A

BLANC and ROSÉ SPARKLING

can be METHODE TRADITIONNELLE or METHODE ANCESTRALE

mainly Clairette and Muscat a Petits Grains, Gamay (max 10%) for rosé

TRADITIONAL METHOD: 100% Clairette

Methode Ancestrale is only single fermentation (secondary fermentation in bottle), no addition sugar and yeast, natural carbonation, cloudy appearance, rustic authentic profile

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15
Q

What is Châtillon-en-Dois AOP?

A

BLANC / ROUGE / ROSÉ

blanc: Chardonnay & Aligoté
rouge: Gamay (major) + Pinot Noir & Syrah

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16
Q

What is Cremant de Die AOP?

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A

BLANC SPARKLING only
METHODE TRADITIONNELLE

Clairette, Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains, Aligoté

the last sparkling appellation in Northern Rhône

17
Q

What is Coteaux de Die AOP?

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A

BLANC only

made from 100% Clairette

18
Q

How many AOPs are there in Southern Rhône? And what are them?

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A

18 AOPs, north-south:

  1. Vinsorbes AOP (R)
  2. Côte du Rhône Villages AOP (W/R/R)
  3. Cairanne AOP (W/R)
  4. Rasteau AOP (R/S)
  5. Gigondas AOP (W/R/R)
  6. Vacqueyras AOP (W/R/R)
  7. Beaumes-de-Venise AOP (R)
  8. Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise AOP (S,W/R/R)
  9. Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOP (W/R)
  10. Tavel AOP (Rosé)
  11. Lirac AOP (W/R/R)
  12. Clairette de Bellegarde AOP (W)
  13. Duché d’Uzès AOP (W/R/R)
  14. Costières de Nimes AOP (W/R/R)
  15. Grignan-Les Adhémar AOP (W/R/R)
  16. Côtes du Vivarais AOP (W/R/R)
  17. Ventoux AOP (W/R/R)
  18. Luberon AOP (W/R/R)
19
Q

What is the famous soil you can find in Châteaunuf-du-Pape AOP?

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A

Galets Roulés
(large smooth pebbles with glacier melt-water)

20
Q

What is Gigondas AOP?

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A

BLANC / ROUGE / ROSÉ

blanc: Clairette (principal)
rouge/rosé: min 50% Grenache then combined others

21
Q

What is Vacqueyras AOP?

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A

BLANC / ROUGE / ROSÉ

blanc: Rhône varieties (no single variety is more than 80%)
rouge: min 50% Grenache and combined others

22
Q

What is Beaumes-de-Venise AOP?

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A

ROUGE only

min 50% Grenache, plus other Rhone varieties

23
Q

What is Cairanne AOP?

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A

BLANC & ROUGE

blanc: Clairette, Grenache, Roussanne
rouge: min 50% Grenache, plus other Rhone varieties

24
Q

What is Vinsobres AOP?

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A

ROUGE only

min 50% Grenache, plus other Rhone varieties

25
What is *Tavel AOP*?
ROSÉ only required 30-60% Grenache Gris, Blanc, Noir. Plus other Rhone varieties
26
What is *Lirac AOP*?
BLANC / ROUGE / ROSÉ blanc: Rhone varieties (no single variety more than 60%) rouge/rosé: min 40% Grenache and add other Rhone varieties
27
What is *Muscat Beaumes-de-Venise AOP*?
FORTIFIED natural sweet wine BLANC / ROUGE / ROSÉ made from 100% Muscat a Petits Grains (blanc/rouge)
28
How is *Muscat-Beaumes-de-Venise* is made?
•aimed to be as pure varietal as possible, typically sweet but not luscious •grapes are picked when ripe and healthy, no raisin (will mask the pure varietal characteristics) •grapes are crushed, some skin contact is widely used to increase aromatic intensity, add some richness •cool fermentation, and stopped by fortification with 96% abv grape spirit to give sweet wine •wines are stored in inert vessels (no oxidation)
29
What is *Rasteau AOP*?
ROUGE / FORTIFIED SWEET rouge: min 50% Grenache, plus other Rhone varieties sweet: Grenache Blanc & Gris, plus others ##footnote there are a lot of styles of the fortified sweet wines, different styles with different grapes
30
What is *Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOP*?
BLANC / ROUGE CDP grape varieties ##footnote AOP was established in **1936**, earliest AOP in *France*

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