rights and responsibilities Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is justice?
Behaviour or treatment that is morally right and fair.
What is fairness?
Treating people equally and appropriately according to circumstances.
What is presumption of innocence?
It is up to the state to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt rather than the accused having to prove their innocence.
What’s the difference between rules and laws?
Rules are used in relation to a way a group or organisation operated while laws relate to eat in which society is regulated.
What is a European arrest warrant?
Allows another police force to ask another police force in a different country to arrest someone if they try and flea.
What is a chief constable?
Serving police officer. Responsible for day to day management of the police officers.
What are PCSOs?
Uniformed staff, they are support police within communities and act as eyes and ears within them.
What are special constables?
They are volunteers, help at police functions and are part time. Conduct local intelligence based on patrol. Take part in crime prevention initiatives.
What is stop and search?
Stop and search an individual if they have reasonable grounds.
What is power to arrest?
To arrest reasonable grounds to suspect your involved in a crime. Can arrest you anywhere. Have to say that the individual is under arrest.
What is entry, search and seizure?
Need a warrant unless not applicable. Need reasonable grounds to enter. Can take anything as long as reasonable evidence.
What is the hierarchy of the judges?
Lord Chief Justice, president of Supreme Court, justice of Supreme Court, senior president of tribunal, master of the rolls, chancellor of the high court, president of family division, president of queens bench, lord justice of appeal, high court judges, circuit judges, recorders, district judges, (DJ magistrates court), tribunal judges, magistrates.
What are solicitors?
Deal with large amounts of commercial work, land and building issues, sales of houses, wills and advise in tax matters. They are regulated by law of society.
What are barristers?
Employed by solicitors to work on clients behalf. Pursue own judgement how to deal with cases and specialised in criminal and civil law.
What is advocacy?
Representing the clients in court.
What is criminal law?
Relates to crimes so murder etc.
What is civil law?
Focuses on disputes between individuals or companies e.g. family vs family.
What us ombudsman?
Checks on government.
What us mediation?
There’s a neutral 3rd party. Mediator does not duckies opinions unless asked.
What is conciliation?
Resolve disputes and is a active role helping.
What is arbitration?
Agree disputes to be heard by a private arbitrator. will make a binding decision.
What age is criminal responsibility?
8 - Scotland.
10 - England and Wales.
What are the key universal human rights and who protects them?
UDHR, European convention on human rights, UN convention on the rights of children, human rights act (1998).
This is to protect victims of Conflict and how international law helps establish rules of war.
What is the definition of international humanitarian law?
Protects people who are not involved or no king involved in hostilities such as sick and wounded, prisons and civilians.
Sets out the rights and obligations of those involved in the armed conflict.
