risk assessment

Question 1

What two vaccines are used for HPV prevention in women?

Answer 1

cervarix and gardasil, both three doses over six months

Question 2

What is the most common cancer killer in the adolescent period for males?

Answer 2

testicular cancer

Question 3

If a patient is going to college and going to live in a dorm, in the military, foreign travel, they should get revaccinated with what vaccine?

Answer 3

meningococcal vaccine

Question 4

Who gets influenza vaccine and how often?

Answer 4

everybody, annually

Question 5

When should a complete physical exam be done and how often?

Answer 5

starting at the age 20 and every 5-6 years (unless something is found)

Question 6

At what age should pap smears begin and how often should they be repeated?

Answer 6

start age 20

repeat every 3 years until age 30 and then every 5 years

Question 7

What age should self-breast exam begin?

Answer 7

age 21

Question 8

At what age do we recommend mammography?

Answer 8

age 40

Question 9

At what age can you discontinue mammograms?

Answer 9

age 75

Question 10

At what age do you begin digital rectal exam and PSA in a healthy male?

Answer 10

age 40 for DRE

age 50 for PSA

Question 11

At what age do you begin colorectal cancer screening?

Answer 11

age 50

Question 12

What is the main causes of death in adults in the US?

Answer 12

1) heart disease
2) cancer
3) lower respiratory disease
4) CVA

Question 13

Tonometry is screening for_____ and this screening should be done by age 40 for all adults.

Answer 13

glaucoma

Question 14

What is zostavax and at what age is it given?

Answer 14

herpes zoster (shingles) vaccine

given at age 50 or older

Question 15

At what age do we discontinue the pap smear with consecutive negative cytology?

Answer 15

age 65-70

Question 16

Pneumococcal vaccine is recommended at the age 19-64 if patient smokes, has asthma, or chronic disease.

Pneumococcal vaccine is recommended in healthy people age:

Answer 16

65+

Question 17

The degree to those who actually have the disease test positive +. The positives show positive.

Answer 17

Sensitivity

Question 18

Those who do not have the disease show negative -.

The negatives show negatives.

Answer 18

specificity

Question 19

D-dimer has a low sensitivity, but because the negatives show negative, the d-dimer has a high

Answer 19

specificity

Question 20

Incidence

Answer 20

the frequency at which a disease appears at a given time

the rate at which the disease occurs during a certain period

Question 21

Prevelance

Answer 21

Proportion of a population effected by disease at a particular time

%

Question 22

Most common causes of death in the young adults:

Answer 22

1. MVA
2. suicide/homocide
3. heart disease

Question 23

What are some examples of Primary prevention?

Answer 23

vaccination

immunization

diet

exercise

Question 24

What is primary prevention?

Answer 24

measures to promote health PRIOR to the onset of any recognizable problem

Prevents the onset of the disease

Question 25

**S**econdary prevention includes:

Answer 25

**S**creening pap smear cholesterol check dental exams Methods to detect and address an existing disease prior to the appearance of symptoms attempts to prevent an asymptomatic disease from progressing to symptomatic disease

Question 26

Examples of tertiary prevention

Answer 26

cardiac or stroke rehab Methods to reduce negative impact of symptomatic disease, such as disability or death, through rehabilitation and treatment tertiary prevention attempts to reduce the damage caused by symptomatic disease by focusing on mental, physical, and social rehabilitation

Question 27

What % is the recommended carbohydrate daily intake?

Answer 27

55-60%

Question 28

How much protein does an adult need each day?

Answer 28

0.8-1gm/kg/day The sicker the patient the higher their protein needs.

Question 29

Exercise helps to decrease what type of cholesterol?

Answer 29

LDL

Question 30

What is the AHA recommendation for exercise?

Answer 30

30 minutes or more on most days of the week with a targeted HR. It doesn't have to be 30 consecutive minutes

Question 31

If your patient is over 35 and has NEVER had an exercise regimen, prior to starting exercise what 3 things should they have?

Answer 31

Complete history complete medical exam exercise stress test

Question 32

What is the difference between the antigen and the antibody?

Answer 32

the antigen is "the bad guy" the anti*body* is the substance that the *body makes* to fight the antigen

Question 33

active immunity comes from what?

Answer 33

Antibody formation in response to an antigen for example, tetanus toxoid is the antigen to which your body makes antibodies

Question 34

passive immunization

Answer 34

gained by the introduction of gamma globulin injections OR from mom to fetus

Question 35

The gamma globulin injection hgib is given to a patient with known hep B exposure who has not been previously\_\_\_\_\_. This is an example of (active? or passive?) immunization because it involves gamma globulin.

Answer 35

vaccinated. Passive immunity

Question 36

Can people less than 65 years old with weakened immune systems or those living in a long term care facility receive pneumococcal vaccine?

Answer 36

Yes, people less than 65 years old with weakened immune systems SHOULD receive a pneumococcal vaccine.

Question 37

Per the CDC, the recommendation for Hep A vaccine is for:

Answer 37

military travelers to endemic areas men who have sex with men

Question 38

The CDC recommendation for Hep B vaccine is for:

Answer 38

all healthcare workers high risk patients including sexually active adults

Question 39

Is there a vaccine for hep A, hep B, and hep C?

Answer 39

There is a vaccine for hep A and hep B. There is NO vaccination for hep C.

Question 40

According to the CDC, who needs the Meningococcal vaccine?

Answer 40

all 11-12 year olds with a booster at age 16 adults living in college dorms adult military adult and pediatric patients with spleenectomy