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DWT > RNA Viruses 1: Paramyxoviridae, Rhabdoviridae > Flashcards

RNA Viruses 1: Paramyxoviridae, Rhabdoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

Do DNA or RNA viruses have a greater replication rate?

A

RNA
-Higher chance for mutation

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2
Q

+ Sense meaning

A

the SSRNA can connect to the ribosome and replicate on its own

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3
Q
  • sense meaning
A

the SSRNA must use RNA dependent RNA polymerase to replicate using the host cells ribosome

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4
Q

2 main Mononegvirales virus families

A

Paramyxoviridae
Rhabdoviridae

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5
Q

Characteristics of Mononegvirales

A
  • Enveloped
    -Single genome (NegSense)
    -Must use RNA dependent RNA pol
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6
Q

Paramyxoviridae: envelopes or non-enveloped?

A
  • Enveloped
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7
Q

Size of paramyxo

A
  • Diameter 150-300 nm
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8
Q

Symmetry of paramyxo

A
  • Symmetry: helical
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9
Q

Does paramyxo use transcriptase?

A
  • Transcriptase: positive
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10
Q

Paramyxo genome

A
  • SSRNA (NegSense)
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11
Q

How paramyxo transmission occur?

A

-Transmission by aerosol or close contact

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12
Q

How does paramyxo release from cell?

A
  • Release by budding
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13
Q

Special proteins released by paramyxo forms what type of cells in the host?

A
  • Produces fusing protein leading to syncytia
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14
Q

Capacity of paramyxo host range?

A
  • Narrow host range
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15
Q

Rinderpest viruses causes what?

A

Lesions on the mouth/nose?

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16
Q

How common is the rinderpest virus?

A

COMPLETELY ERADICATED

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17
Q

How did eradication of the rinderpest virus happen?

A
  • Efficacious vaccine
  • Reliable diagnostic testing
  • Absences of carrier animals and wildlife resviors
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18
Q

What is the Morbilli Virus

A
  • In the paramyxoviridae family
  • Canine distemper
  • Highly infectious
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19
Q

What is the rinderpest virus?

A

In the paramyxoviridae family
-RNA virus

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20
Q

Can the Morbilli virus infect other species? Is it zoonotic?

A

Yes it can affect other species but no it is not zoonotic

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21
Q

What human virus is the morbilli virus related to?

A

Measles

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22
Q

Where does the morbilli virus create inclusion bodies?

A
  • Intranuclear AND intracytoplasmic
    **Differential of canine distemper virus
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23
Q

What cell types does Morbilli infect?

A

Epithelium
Lymphoid
oligodendrocytes (Neurological)

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24
Q

What body parts does Morbilli affect?

A

Skin, respiratory, GIT, Urinary tract, brain

25
Q

When does infection occur? How long is immunity?

A

3-6 months once mothers antibodies decline
- VERY immunogenic: long lasting immune response

26
Q

Acute clinical signs of Morbilli virus

A
  • Subclinical, followed by lifelong immunity
  • Mild cough
27
Q

Severe generalized clinical signs of Morbilli signs

A

Leukopenia
V, d
Conjunctivitis
nasal discharge
Hardening of nose and footpads
Old dog encephalitis
Enamel hypoplasia
Perivascular cuffing

28
Q

What is old dog encephalitis? How does it occur?

A
  • Severe neurological disease (chatter)
    Occurs years after recovery and results in neurologic deterioration and death.
29
Q

What is enamel hypoplasia?

A

Failure to development enamel

30
Q

What is perivascular cuffing?

A

Inflammatory cells around blood vessel.
- leads to leakage of fluid from blood vessels into CSF causing neurological damage

31
Q

Bovine respiratory disease complex types (4)

A

IBR, BVD, PI3, RSV

32
Q

What does BVRC do?

A

damages cells of respiratory tract. Early development can lead to compromise of host cells allowing for secondary infection

33
Q

PI3- bovine parainfluenza virus 3: clinical signs and immunity length

A

Subclinical (no signs)
- Vaccines available but immunity is short-lived

34
Q

BRSV- bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Clinical signs and immunity?

A

Moderate to severe disease affecting beef and dairy cattle -
- Pneumovirus
- Infection is immunosuppressant
- Adults-atypical interstitial pneumonia
- Vaccines but immunity is short-lived

35
Q

BRSV- bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Replication site and effects on cells?

A

-Replicates in the ciliated cells of the respiratory tract
- Induces synticia and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies

36
Q

Rhabdoviridae characteristics

A

Diameter: 180 x 75 nm
Enveloped
Symmetry: helical
Transcriptase: postive
Genomes: ss(-)

37
Q

Types of Rhabdoviridaes

A

Rabies lyssavirus
Vesicular stomatitis
-Indiana
-New Jersey

38
Q

Who does Rabies Lyssavirus infect?

A

All mammals- ZOONOTIC disease

39
Q

Where is Rabies Lyssavirus not endemic?

A

Australia and antartica

40
Q

If concern of Rabies Lyssavirus why must we submit a sample of brain tissue?

A

There is no reliable diagnostic test premortem
- Must check neurologic tissue for Negri Bodies

41
Q

What are negri bodies?

A

Eosinphilli intracytoplasmic inclusions present in the nervous tissue

42
Q

Carriers/transmitters of Rabies Lyssavirus in the US

A

-Skunk
-Racoon
-Fox

43
Q

Where does Rabies Lyssavirus infection begin? And what does replication look like there?

A

Peripheral nerve endings.
- Very limited replication

44
Q

How is Rabies Lyssavirus transported to the CNS?

A

By retrograde axoplasmic flow
-Movement from axon back up to cell body
This can lead to infection of non-nervous tissue too (i.e Salivary glands)

45
Q

What is the incubation pertion period and clinical course of Rabies Lyssavirus?

A

Incubation period: 6 months
Clinical course: few days to weeks

46
Q

Vaccines for dogs/cats, wildlife?

A

Dogs/cats: only need one vaccine and very effective
Wildlife: Rabies vaccine bait

47
Q

What part of the body does vesicular stomatitis?

A

Mucosal epithelium

48
Q

What virus produces Bovine papular stomatitis?

A

Parapox Virus

49
Q

What virus produces vesicular stomatitis?

A

Rhabdoviridae- vesicular stomatitis virus

50
Q

What virus produces malignant catarrhal fever?

A

Gamma herpes virus

51
Q

What virus produces rinderpest?

A

Paramyxovirus

52
Q

Species affected by the vesicular stomatitis?

A

Rhabdovirus: Pigs, sheep, cattle, horse

53
Q

Species affected by foot and mouth disease?

A

Picornavirus: pigs, sheep, cattle
NOT HORSE
Eradicated in the US

54
Q

Species affected by swine vesicular disease?

A

Picornavirus: pigs

55
Q

Who does Vesicular Stomatitis virus infect?

A

All mammals- ZOONOTIC
- Resembles the Flu in humans

56
Q

Is Vesicular Stomatitis virus a reportable disease?

A

YES because it looks like foot and mouth disease which is a foreign animal disease since it is eradicated in the US

57
Q

How is Vesicular Stomatitis virus transmitted?

A
  • By vector: sand flies, midges, black flies
  • Direct contact
58
Q

Where is Vesicular Stomatitis virus considered to be endemic?

A

Central America
South America
United States

59
Q

Common rate of diseased animals in the infected population

A

~15%

DWT (28 decks)

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