RNA viruses Flashcards by ariana metchik

what is the difference between positive and negative sense RNA?

positive sense can be directly translated into a protein. ALL POSITIVE STRAND RNA VIRUSES ARE INFECTIOUS WITHOUT THEIR CAPSIDS (naked viral genome infectivity)
Negative sense viruses need an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase which converts negative sense RNA to positive sense RNA, so that it can be translated into a protein. ALL NEGATIVE STRAND RNA VIRUSES ARE NOT INFECTIVE WITHOUT THEIR CAPSIDS (no naked viral genome infectivity)

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what is the only group of dsRNA viruses?

Reoviruses (reovirus, rotavirus, colorado tick fever virus)

** think “repeatovirus” – repeat for double stranded, and it also sounds a little like reo/rota virus

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what are the attributes of Reoviruses (reovirus, rotavirus, colorado fever virus)?

RNA or DNA:
ss or ds:
naked or enveloped:
shape of capsid:

Reovirus

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (reovirus is the ONLY ss RNA virus)
naked or enveloped: naked
shape of capsid: icosahedral

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what are the 3 viruses listed as REOVIRUSES?

reovirus
rotavirus
colorado tick fever virus

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What are the 7 Positive sense RNA viruses?

Retrovirus
togavirus
flavavirus
coronavirus
hepevirus
calcivirus
picornavirus

“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”

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what does the following mnemonic represent:

“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”

the 7 positive sense RNA viruses:

Retrovirus
togavirus
flavavirus
coronavirus
hepevirus
calcivirus
picornavirus

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which virus family (and the three viruses within the family) are dsRNA, naked, and icosahedral?

reoviruses

reovirus
rotavirus
colorado tick virus

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what 3 RNA virus groups are ssRNA, + sense, enveloped, and icosahedral?

Flavivirus
Togavirus
retrovirus

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what are the attributes for Flavivirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Flavivirus (same as retrovirus and Togavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (all are ss EXCEPT Reovirus!!)
+ or neg sense: + (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: icosahedral

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what are the attributes for Retrovirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Retrovirus (same as Flavivirus and Togavirus)

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What are the attributes for togavirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Togavirus (same as Retrovirus and Togavirus)

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what are the Flaviviruses (4)

Yellow Fever Virus
Dengue Virus
St. Louis EV
Hep C

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what are the Togaviruses (4)

Rubella
Western Equine EV
Eastern Euine EV
Venezuelan EV

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what are the 2 retroviruses?

2. HTLV

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what is the group of viruses that is composed of positive sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA?

coronavirus (coronaviruse and SARS-CoV)

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what are the two coronaviruses?

coronavirus

2. SARS-CoV

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What are the attributes for coronavirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Coronavirus

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what are the 3 groups of + sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses?

Calcivirus
Hepevirus
Picorna Virus

What are the 2 Calciviruses (+ sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses)?

Norwalk Agent

2. Noro-like

What is the Hepevirus (+ sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses)?

Hep E

“HEPE” virus = Hep E

What are the 6 Picornaviruses (+ sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses)?

Polio Virus
Enteroviruses
Echovirus
Coxsackie A and B
Rhinoviruses
Hepatitis A virus

What are the attributes of Calcivirus

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Calcivirus (like Hepevirus and Picornavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA

ss or ds: ss

+ or neg sense: + sense (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)

enveloped or naked: naked

shape of capsid: icosahedral

What are the attributes of Hepevirus

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Hepevirus (like Calcivirus and Picornavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA

ss or ds: ss

+ or neg sense: + sense (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)

enveloped or naked: naked

shape of capsid: icosahedral

What are the attributes of Picornavirus

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:

Picornavirus (like Calcivirus and Hepevirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA

ss or ds: ss

+ or neg sense: + sense (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)

enveloped or naked: naked

shape of capsid: icosahedral

what 4 virus groups are negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA?

1. Paramyxovirus 2. rhabdovirus 3. Filovirus 4. orthomyxovirus (segmented)

what are the 5 Paramyxoviruses? (negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)

1. Mumps 2. Measles 3. RSV 4. Parainfluenza 5. Human metapneumovirus

What are the 2 Rhabdoviruses (negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)?

1. Rabies | 2. Vesicular Stomatits

What are the 2 Filoviruses (negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)?

1. Marburg | 2. Ebola

What are the 2 Orthomyxoviruses ((negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)?

(segmented) 1. Influenza A 2. Influenza B

what are the attributes of Paramyxoviruses? ``` RNA or DNA: ss or ds: + or neg sense: enveloped or naked: shape of capsid: ```

Paramyxovirus (same as Rhabdovirus, Filovirus and Orthomyxovirus) ``` RNA or DNA: RNA ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus)) + or neg sense: neg enveloped or naked: enveloped shape of capsid: helical ```

what are the attributes of Rhabdoviruses? ``` RNA or DNA: ss or ds: + or neg sense: enveloped or naked: shape of capsid: ```

Rhabdovirus (same as Paramoxovirus, Filovirus and Orthomyxovirus) ``` RNA or DNA: RNA ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus)) + or neg sense: neg enveloped or naked: enveloped shape of capsid: helical ```

what are the attributes of Filoviruses? ``` RNA or DNA: ss or ds: + or neg sense: enveloped or naked: shape of capsid: ```

Filovirus (same as Paramoxovirus, Rhabdovirus and Orthomyxovirus) ``` RNA or DNA: RNA ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus)) + or neg sense: neg enveloped or naked: enveloped shape of capsid: helical ```

what are the attributes of Orthomyxoviruses? ``` RNA or DNA: ss or ds: + or neg sense: enveloped or naked: shape of capsid: ```

Orthomyxovirus (same as Paramoxovirus, Rhabdovirus and Filovirus) ``` RNA or DNA: RNA ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus)) + or neg sense: neg enveloped or naked: enveloped shape of capsid: helical ```

what are the two ambisense and negative sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA virus groups?

1. Arenavirus | 2. Bunyavirus

what are the 3 Arenaviruses (segmented ambisense and negative sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA)?

1. Lassa Fever Virus 2. Lymphocytic 3. Choriomeningitis

what are the 3 Bunyaviruses (segmented ambisense and negative sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA)?

1. California EV 2. La Crosse Virus 3. Hantavirus

what are the attributes of Arenaviruses? ``` RNA or DNA: ss or ds: + or neg sense: enveloped or naked: shape of capsid: ```

Arenaviruses (same as Bunyaviruses) ``` RNA or DNA: RNA ss or ds: ss + or neg sense: ambisense or negative enveloped or naked: enveloped shape of capsid: helical ```

what are the attributes of Bunyaviruses? ``` RNA or DNA: ss or ds: + or neg sense: enveloped or naked: shape of capsid: ```

Bunyaviruses (same as Arenaviruses) ``` RNA or DNA: RNA ss or ds: ss + or neg sense: ambisense or negative enveloped or naked: enveloped shape of capsid: helical ```

are positive strand RNA or negative strand RNA infective without their capsids (naked viral genome infectivity)?

Positive strand

All RNA viruses are haploid except...

Retroviruses are diploid (has two identicle ssRNA molecues)

are RNA viruses haploid or diploid?

All RNA viruses except retroviruses are haploid. (retroviruses are diploid)

All RNA viruses replicate in the _____ except for influenza and retroviruses which replicate in the _______

All RNA viruses replicate in the CYTOPLASM except for influenza and retroviruses which replicate in the NUCLEUS

ALL RNA VIRUSES ARE ENVELOPED EXCEPT (4)

Calicivirus Picorna Reovirus Hepevirus ** CPR and PAPPsHmear (PAPP = DNA viruses, papilloma, adenovirus, polyoma and parvovirus)

where do enveloped RNA viruses get their envelope from?

the plasma membrane of host cells