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language development > Roseberry KO 1 S > Flashcards

Roseberry KO 1 S Flashcards

1
Q

the process of sending and receiving messages that serve to transmit information between persons or groups.

A

communication

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2
Q

occurs when speakers effectively influence the listeners’ behaviors

A

communicative competence

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3
Q

most human interactions have an underlying…

A

agenda

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4
Q
  • Does not rely on the use of words
  • conveys ideas through other behaviors
  • Eye contact, facial expressions.
A

nonverbal communication

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5
Q
  • involves the use of words to exchange ideas.
  • auditory-oral-spoken language
  • visual-graphic; pictures, written, gestures, (gestures that are systematic sign language)
A

verbal communication

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6
Q

melody, stress, rhythm, intonation

A

prosody

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7
Q

use of interpersonal space in communication

A

proxemics

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8
Q

prosody and proxemics are part of _________ aspects of verbal communication.

A

extralinguistic

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9
Q

physical production of sounds to communicate meaning through the neuromuscular control of the structures of the vocal tract

A

speech

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10
Q

______ involves the use of articulation, voice, resonation, and fluency.

A

speech

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11
Q

study of the sound systems of a language

  • we have the IPA
  • English orthography is problematic
A

phonology

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12
Q

study of language (duh)

A

linguistics

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13
Q

attempts to describe language variations based on cultural and social variables

A

sociolinguistics

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14
Q

attempts to describe the nature of emerging language in children language acquisition

A

developmental linguistics

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15
Q

the system of arbitrary verbal symbols that speakers put in order according to a conventional code to communicate ideas and feelings or to influence the behavior of others

A

language

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16
Q
  • production, expression, encoding
  • speaking and writing
  • symbols on an AAC
A

expressive language

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17
Q
  • comprehension,decoding, and reception

- listening and/or reading.

A

receptive languge

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18
Q
  • refers to our hypothetical, unconscious linguistic ability

- represents speakers idealized, underlying knowledge of their language.

A

linguistic competence

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19
Q
  • refers to a speakers production of linguistic units

- influenced by limitations such as fatigue, memory lapses, distractions, illness, etc.

A

linguistic performance

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20
Q

study of meaning

A

semantics

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21
Q

collection of words learned by someone

A

vocabulary

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22
Q

all morphemes a speaker knows (free and bound)

A

lexicon

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23
Q

semantic involves

A

word knowledge and world knowledge

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24
Q

the ability to define a word verbally

A

word knowledge

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25
Q

actual physical experience with something

A

world knowledge

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26
Q

Paul and Norbury 2012*

A
  • language impaired children have small vocabulary.
  • use many nonspecific words like thing and stuff.
  • word retrieval problems
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27
Q

words with no middle ground

alive vs dead

A

binary antonyms

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28
Q

represent 2 different points on a continuum

-attractive vs homely (fugly)

A

gradable antonyms

29
Q

in therapy for language impaired students..

A

we teach synonyms -take a word they know and give them a more sophisticated way to say it.
tired=fatigued
movie star=celebrity

30
Q

semantics also involves a child’s knowledge of..

A
  • words with multiple meanings (rock,pound)
  • deictic words whose referents change depending on who is speaking (this, that, there here)
  • categories
31
Q

mental constructs that allow a child to group similar words together

A

categories

32
Q

The new common core state standards really emphasize knowledge of words with ______ meanings

A

multiple

33
Q

This term describes the role that each noun in a sentence has in relation to the verb in the sentence

A

semantic relations

34
Q

Semantic relations…For example, “Daddy” assumes 2 different semantic relations

A

I’m looking for Daddy’s ball (Daddy is the possessor)

Daddy threw the ball (Daddy is the agent or actor who instigated the action)

35
Q

practical use of language through in social interaction

A

pragmatics

36
Q

Focuses on the speaker’s achieving a practical outcome through using language as a tool

A

pragmatics

37
Q

speaker and listener roles differ due to social context

A

social context-roles assumed by individual speakers

  • how informal or formal the situation is
  • we base our conversations on the status of interlocators. .
38
Q

Justice and Redle 2014 state that:

A
  • children need to develop ability to switch, register, or variety of speech appropriate to a particular situation.
  • ability to switch among registers-codeswitching.
39
Q

2 types of speech acts

A

direct and indirect

40
Q

implies several possible interpretaitons

-discourse is a conversation

A

indirect

41
Q
  • only has one interpretation

- “please pass the butter”

A

direct speech act

42
Q

extended verbal exchange on some topic

A

discourse

-conversation

43
Q

involves:

  • topic initiation
  • topic maintenance
  • turn taking
  • repairs (restating when someone doesn’t understand)
A

discourse

44
Q

discourse also involves:

A

cooperation principle:

  • appropriate quantity of information
  • relevant to topic
  • truthful
  • delivered in a clear, understandable manner.
45
Q

the study of minimal, meaninful units of language

A

morphology

46
Q

smallest elements of language that carry meaning

A

morphemes

47
Q

free morphemes

A

stand alone

48
Q

must be attached to free morphemes to carry meaning

-ing, -er, -ed.

A

bound morphemes

49
Q

grammatical and lexical are _____ morphemes.

A

free

50
Q

is, the, of, and, a, but, (kids with language impairment don’t use these often)

A

grammatical morphemes/function words

51
Q

words that carry the “meat”

A

lexical morphemes/content words

52
Q

alter the meaning of the free morpheme to which they are attached without deriving a new grammatical category

Usually these are suffixes (see p. 27) such as plural –s, possessive –s, past tense –ed, etc.

A

inflectional

53
Q

types of bound morphemes

A

inflectional and derivational

54
Q

-change the grammatical class of the free morpheme to which they are attached.
thoughtful to thoughtfully
calculate to calculation

A

derivational morpheme

55
Q

in children’s language

A

inflectional morphemes occur before derivational morphemes

56
Q

the new common core state standards really emphasize ________ awareness skills

A

morphological

57
Q

Specifies rules for sequencing or ordering words to form phrases and sentences

Deals with rules for word order in a language

A

syntax

58
Q

2 types of sentences

A

declarative and imperative

59
Q
  • affirmative statement.

- This class is the bomb.

A

declarative

60
Q
  • omits subject of sentence, sounds commanding.

- “call this class the bomb.”

A

imperative

61
Q

exclamation points

A

EXCLAMATORY sentence

62
Q 
subject of sentence is being acted upon.
-this class is called the bomb by the students.
A

passive

63
Q

forms a question

A

interrogative

64
Q 
contradicts an assertion
"this class is not the bomb."
A

negative

65
Q

McCormack et al., 2011 “A nationally representative study of the association between communication impairment at 4-5 years and children’s life activities” Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 54, 1328-1348.

A
  • australian longitudinal study of 4, 329 child.
  • children identified with communication impairments at 4-5 years performed significantly more poorly than typically developing children when they were 7-9 years on all language measures.
66
Q

Hayiou-Thomas, Dale, & Plomin (2014) Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research (June issue)

A

Longitudinal study of 2,923 twin pairs in the United Kingdom

Questions: 1) Were parent referrals accurate? And 2) did language problems at age 4 predict language problems at age 12?

67
Q

Findings of Hayiou-Thomas et al.:

A
  • parents of young children more concerned about speech than language.
  • children with language problems at age 4 had problems at 12 years of age.
68
Q

our job as SLPs..

A

is to help children develop their language to its fullest potential.

language development (5 decks)

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