RRM

Question 1

what are the four principles of risk management?

Answer 1

1. Accept no unnecessary risk
2. anticipate and manage risk by planning
3. accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs
4. make risk decisions at the right level

Question 2

What is task loading?

Answer 2

The perceived amount of time available to accomplish the required tasks

Question 3

What are Crew factors?

Answer 3

Crew factors are the physiological elements of Crew members that negatively impact operational effectiveness and safety (fatigue, stress, fear, illness, experience).

Question 4

With regards to RRM, what is the target?

Answer 4

The target is an indicator of how much potential risk is being faced.

G

Question 5

What does green represent on the target RRM model

Answer 5

A high likelihood of a positive outcome. Combination of good SA, management strategies, and resources in place to capture errors.

Question 6

What does yellow represent on the Target RRM model

Answer 6

Represents increased risk due to higher task loading, additive conditions, and or crew factors.

Question 7

what does red represent on the target RRM model?

Answer 7

A high potential for a serious error or operational failure.

Question 8

What do resource blocks represent?

Answer 8

They represent resources that can be used to improve performance, reduce risk, and manage a time constrained situation.

Question 9

What are the five resource blocks?

Answer 9

1. Policies, Procedures, Flows
2. Checklists
3. Automation
4. Briefings and external resources
5. knowledge, skills, and techniques.

Question 10

What are the elements of the ABCD loop

Answer 10

1. Assess- maintain situational awareness. Evaluate what is happening to identify, process, and comprehend the critical elements of info and determine how it affects the future outcome.
2. Balance: make decisions based on policies and procedures and the operational priorities.
3. Communicate risk and intentions: communicate effectively, timely, constructively, and appropriately. Establish the shared mental model.
4. Do and Debrief: work toward improving performance and reduce risk by developing and maintaining communication, coordination, and SA.

Question 11

What is prioritized by employing the ABCD model?

Answer 11

Aircraft control

Question 12

In general, during non-normal operations, should the CA assign the PF duties to the FO? What should happen first?

Answer 12

Yes if warranted, but the CA should assess the FO current task loading and the current aircraft state to determine the appropriate time for transfer. THe captain can simply ask the FO if they are ready to assume control. The pilot flying (FO) should coordinate with ATC for flight path management while the PM coordinates with external resources.

The transfer of the aircraft back to the captain may be necessary where policy dictates, or any other condition as deemed necessary by the captain.

Question 13

Explain the difference between analytical, knowledge based, and action oriented decisions

Answer 13

Analytical decision making is used when task completion is not time sensitive. It considers trend info for in-depth planning defined by long-term goals.

Knowledge based decisions are made to correct the course of action before adverse outcome occurs. This is used when task completion is time sensitive.

Action oriented decisions are made when time is limited and rely on existing knowledge of the operating environment. THese are time critical decisions.