Rush Hemodynamic Dx

Question 1

active process, arteriolar dilation, increase bloodflow in inflammation sites or exercise

Answer 1

hyperemia

Question 2

passive process of impaired outflow of venous blood

Answer 2

congestion

Question 3

hyperemia is found when

Answer 3

inflammation
exercise

Question 4

congestion happens when

Answer 4

systematic due cardiac failure
local due venous obstruction

Question 5

hyperemia vs congestion in terms of blood flow

Answer 5

more flow artery and erythema - hyperemia
less flow cyanosis or hypoxia - congestion

Question 6

causes of edema

Answer 6

inc hydrostatic pressure
inc vascul permea
inc loss
dec colloid osmotic press
dec synthesis
lymph obstruction

Question 7

diff of trans and exud in terms if protein

Answer 7

transudate protein poor
exudate protein rich

Question 8

inc hydrostatic pressure
inc vascul permea
inc loss
dec colloid osmotic press
dec synthesis
lymph obstruction

give examples for each

Answer 8

heart failure
inflammation
nephrotic sundrome
reduced plasma albumin
liver disease
tumors, filariasis etc

Question 9

extravasation kf blood vessels due to injury or defectuve clot formation

Answer 9

hemorrhage

Question 10

hemorrhage with
1-2mm
3 or more mm
1-2 cm

Answer 10

petichae
purpura
ecchymoses

Question 11

virchows triad

Answer 11

endothelial injury
stasis or turbulent blood
hypercoagulability

Question 12

explain 3 points of DIC simply

Answer 12

• clotting system overdrive making small clots
• clots damaging organs and tissues
• clots consume factors; bleed more

Question 13

detached intravascular solid air or liquid carried to distant site causing dysfunction and infarction

Answer 13

embolism

Question 14

vast majority if embolism is what?

Answer 14

thromboembolism
via thrombus dislodge

Question 15

emboli derived from lower extremity DVT

Answer 15

pulmonary emboli

Question 16

systemic emboli derivatives

Answer 16

cardiac mural thrombi
aortic aneurysm
atherosclerotic plaques

Question 17

self induced starvation

Answer 17

anorexia nervosa

Question 18

features of anorexia

Answer 18

amenorrhea
hypothyroidism
low bone density (low estrogen)

Question 19

types of bulimia nervosa

Answer 19

purging (vomit or laxatives)
nonpurging (diet pills, obssessive exercise)

Question 20

complications of bulimia

Answer 20

aspiration
esophageal and gastric rupture

Question 21

visual pigment
special epithelia
infection resistance

Answer 21

vitamin A function

Question 22

sleep blindness
xenophalmia
infection vulnerability

Answer 22

vitamin A deficiency

Question 23

absorption of calcium and phosphorus
bone mineralization

Answer 23

vitamin D function

Question 24

vitamin d deficiency

Answer 24

rickets in children
osteomalacia in adults

Question 25

vitamin e function

Answer 25

major antioxidant free radical scavenging

Question 26

vitamin e deficiency

Answer 26

spinocerebellar degeneration

Question 27

function of vitamin K

Answer 27

carboxylation of 1972, PC, PS

Question 28

vitamin K deficiency

Answer 28

bleeding diathesis

Question 29

fat soluble vitamins

Answer 29

retinoid carotenoid A calciferol D tocopherol E phylo-mena/quinones menadiones K

Question 30

water soluble vitamins

Answer 30

thiamine b1 niacine b2 riboflavin b3 pantothenic acid b5 pyroxidine b6 biotin b7 folate b9 cobalamin b12 vitamin c

Question 31

heavy metals

Answer 31

zinc iron iodine copper fluoride selenium