russia 6 Flashcards
(10 cards)
what was collectivisation
ran from 1928-33 and was stalins solution to the economic and ideological problems of peasant agriculture
what were reasons for collectivisation
falling grain production under NEP
karl marx taught tha t communism was built by proletarian workers so peasant farming had to disappear
NEP looked like capitalism
what were features of collectivisation
state owned the land the equipment and everything produced
state told each farm what to farm and set a production target
collective farms were mechanised and secret police kept an eye on them
what were some successes of collectivisation
90% of farmland had been collectivised
rationing of many types of food ended
ussr increased grain exports to other countries
huge numbers of peasants moved to the city
what were some failures of collectivisation
3.3 million people died from a famine because peasants opposed by destroying crops and livestock
liquidation of the kulaks removed the most experienced farmers
because many peasants fled cities, internal passports were introduced making it harder to leave collective farms
what happened in ukraine 1932-33
many ukrainians refused to join collective farms so to help crush the resistance, the state took more and more grain away causing around 3 millions deaths
why did the ussr want their country to be industrialised
marxism taught that socialist countries would be industrial countries
what did the 3 five year plans focus on
first 5 year plan - increasing output of heavy industry
second - greater efficiency of output
third- increasing military
what was the stakhanovite movement
stakhanov was a coalminer who mined 14 times his quota
soviet propoganda made him a celebrity to encourgae the same efforts
