Russian Revolution: Section Review 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Czar
the ruler of russia
abdicate
to give up the throne and power
autocrat
a ruler with unlimited power
mir
peasant communities where peasants owned the land but worked the land, and paid taxes to the government. This was Alexander II’s idea.
zemstvo
elected council in mirs to deal with the local matters
nihilism
wanting to completely destroy something old in order to re-build it and make it perfect
nardoniki
young group of noble students who tried to create change in Russia’s governing. They taught people in mirs how to read, write, and medicine.
autocracy
a government in which the ruler has total power
St. Petersburg
capital of russia
Nicholas II
became car after his father passed away and tried to keep change from happening. Last czar of russia.
Romanov
Russian royal family (last name). Family of Alexander I.
Siberia
is the bleak region of northeastern russia that lies in Asia. where russian major prisons are.
Decembrist
a group of veteran officers whose goal was to win a written constitution for russia. They protested at Alexander I death to have Constantine rule.
Alexander II
the new czar of russia after Alexander I made changes in russia governing style but very slowly. He was the narodnikis. he freed the surfs by making mirs.
what group of people made up the largest sharif Russias population in the 1800’s. Describe their social and economic position.
Serfs made up a large share of Russias population. They worked on nobles lands and were treated poorly by the nobles they worked for and id all the labor for the country, producing all the wealth.
What were the goals of the Decembrist
They wanted a written constitution that gave then human rights. (Constitutional democracy)
What attitude did Nicholas I take towards reforms? Toward freeing the surfs?
Nicholas I was strict on not having reform in russia, arresting and killing Decembrist. He also wanted the position of serfs to stay the same.
What reforms did Alexander II make?
-freed the serfs/abolished serfdom
-created mirs
-established zemstvos
How did the position of the peasants change after they were freed? How were their rights and freedom of movement still limited?
a) They had full freedom meaning that weren’t bound to nobles, built their own homes and villages, fed and farmed themselves, and had to make their own decisions and rules.
b) They still had payments and couldn’t leave their mirs or their groups payment would go up.
Describe Alexander III’s policy of “autocracy, orthodoxy, and nationality.”
Autocracy
-Believed that the czar has full power
Orthodoxy
-He favoured those who believed in Russian orthodox.
Nationalism
-Fvaoured real White Russians, others were seen as dangerous.
By 1900, how did Russia compare economically with Western Europe? Wha economic changes were taking place in russia?
a) they were industrially behind because they favoured feudalism and farming. Had no factories.
b) they started slowly making factories and were getting funds and investments from France.
