S1_L3: Fractures in Children

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE: The primary advantages of fractures in immature bone are rapid healing and the great ability of bones to remodel.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

TRUE OR FALSE: Salter-Harris Classification Type 1 has the worst prognosis out of the 5 types.

Answer 2

False, it has the best prognosis

Question 3

A greenstick fracture is an impaction fracture that results in buckling of the cortex. A torus fracture is
the result of a fracture on the tension side, with an intact cortex and periosteum on the compression side.

A. Only the 1st statement is true
B. Only the 2nd statement is true
C. Both statements are true
D. Both statements are false

Answer 3

D. Both statements are false, fracture names were interchanged.

Question 4

Modified TF
A. A plastic bowing fracture occurs when force imposed on the bone is lower than its elastic recoil.
B. The younger the individual is, the more plastic deformation can occur.

Answer 4

FT

A: Force imposed is higher than elastic recoil

Question 5

Salter-Harris Classification (Epiphyseal fx): Separation through the growth plate

A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 3
D. Type 4
E. Type 5

Answer 5

A. Type 1

Question 6

Salter-Harris Classification (Epiphyseal fx): Fracture extends through the joint line, epiphysis, and metaphysis crossing the growth plate.

A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 3
D. Type 4
E. Type 5

Answer 6

C. Type 3

Question 7

Salter-Harris Classification (Epiphyseal fx): Fracture travels up & moves proximally through the metaphyseal area

A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 3
D. Type 4
E. Type 5

Answer 7

B. Type 2

Question 8

Salter-Harris Classification (Epiphyseal fx): Fracture through the epiphysis and metaphysis crossing the growth plate; involves the metaphysis, physis, and epiphysis

A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 3
D. Type 4
E. Type 5

Answer 8

D. Type 4

Question 9

Salter-Harris Classification (Epiphyseal fx): Crush injury to the growth plate; damage to the epiphyseal plate

A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 3
D. Type 4
E. Type 5

Answer 9

E. Type 5

Note: Type 5 has the worst prognosis

Question 10

Modified TF
A. Incomplete fractures comprise 15-20% of pediatric fractures.
B. Greenstick, torus, and plastic bowing fractures are common in pediatric patients.

Answer 10

FT

A: Epiphyseal fx

Question 11

___ fracture occurs at the onset of puberty because the growth spurt is occurring and this rapid growth leads to weak points in the bone structure.

Answer 11

Epiphyseal

Question 12

TRUE OR FALSE: Biomechanical and structural weakness during the stage of growth (puberty) is greater in girls than boys because growth plates remain open for longer in girls.

Answer 12

False, growth plates remain open for longer in boys so the weakness is greater in boys.

Question 13

Modified TF
A. In the torus fracture, the fracture is on the tension side.
B. A greenstick fracture
is usually due to a bending force.

Answer 13

FT

A: fx is on compression side

Question 14

Modified TF
A. Dense growth lines may be mistaken as fracture lines because of the growth plates.
B. Epiphyseal growth plates may be mistaken as fracture lines that are radiodense.

Answer 14

TF

B: Radiolucent fx lines

Question 15

Modified TF
A. Comparison film of the uninvolved extremity is sometimes needed to assist in diagnosis of fractures in children.
B. The normal position is assessed by line measurements, angles, and distances, correlated with chronological and skeletal age of the child.

Answer 15

TT

Question 16

Modified TF
A. One of the difficulties in assessing immature bone is the secondary centers of ossification, e.g. tuberosities, are not yet fused to the bone.
B. The large nutrient foramina is the major blood supply that pierces through the physis of the long bone in children.

Answer 16

TF

B: pierces through the shaft/diaphysis

Question 17

TRUE OR FALSE: A bone that is bent but with no fracture is still considered a fracture.

Answer 17

True, this describes the plastic bowing fx