S2-Network Fundamentals

Question 1

Clients

Answer 1

Devices that users access the network with.
Eg . Phones, Computers, tablets, workstations…

Question 2

Servers

Answer 2

Provide resources to a network

Question 3

Hubs

Answer 3

Older network devices that connect other devices over a local network.

Question 4

Switches

Answer 4

Smarter hubs that provide more security and more efficient bandwidth utilization

Question 5

Wireless Access Points (WAPs/APs)

Answer 5

Allow Wireless devices to connect to a wired network.

Question 6

Routers

Answer 6

Used to connect different networks together.

Question 7

Firewall

Answer 7

Security barriers between internal networks and external world.

Question 8

Load Balancers

Answer 8

Devices/software that distribute network/application traffic across multiple servers.

Question 9

Proxy

Answer 9

Acts as an intermediary between a user’s device and the internet.

Question 10

What Functionalities can a proxy provide?

Answer 10

-Web Filtering
-Shared network connections
-Data caching
-Improved security and privacy

Question 11

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)

Answer 11

detect unauthorized access or anomalies and alert admins

Question 12

Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)

Answer 12

Can Detect and take action to prevent intrusions

Question 13

Controllers

Answer 13

Central units used to manage the floe control to networking devices. used in SDN’s (software Defined Networks)

Question 14

Storage Area Network (SAN)

Answer 14

High-Speed Network that provides access to consolidated block-level data storage

Question 14

Network-attached Storage (NAS)Device

Answer 14

Dedicated file storage system that provides data access to a heterogeneous group of clients

Question 14

Media

Answer 14

Refers to the physical materials used to transmit data

Question 15

Wide Area Network (WAN) Link

Answer 15

Used to connect networks over large geographical areas

Question 16

Client/Server Model

Answer 16

Uses a dedicated server to provide access network resources

Question 17

Peer-to-Peer Model

Answer 17

Machines can share resources directly

Question 18

Benefits of Client/Server Model

Answer 18

• Centralized Administration
• Easier Management
• Better Scalability

Question 19

Drawbacks of Client/Server

Answer 19

• Cost
• Dedicated hardware/software
• Requires specialized skillset

Question 20

Benefits of Peer-to-Peer

Answer 20

• low cost
• No specialized OS
• No dedicated resources

Question 21

Drawbacks of Peer-to-Peer

Answer 21

• Decentralized management
• Inefficient for large networks
• Poor Scalability

Question 22

PAN

Answer 22

Personal Area Network
- Smallest type of wired or wireless network.
- covers about 10ft or less

Question 23

LAN

Answer 23

Local Area Network - Connects components in a limited distance - covers about 100m/300ft

Question 24

Wi-Fi Standard

Answer 24

IEEE 802.11

Question 25

Ethernet Standard

Answer 25

IEEE 802.3

Question 26

CAN

Answer 26

Campus Area Network - A building-centric LAN that is spread across numerous buildings in a certain area

Question 27

MAN

Answer 27

Metropolitan Area Network - Connects locations that are scattered across the city - covers more/less 25mi

Question 28

What does a Physical Network Topology display?

Answer 28

represents how the devices & components are physically cabled and connected together, as well as their location.

Question 29

What does a Logical Topology Display?

Answer 29

Represents how data traffic actually flows through the network

Question 30

Point - to - Point

Answer 30

Direct Connection between 2 devices

Question 31

Ring Topology

Answer 31

Each device is connected to 2 other devices forming a circular path.

Question 32

what is FDDI?

Answer 32

Conducts data transmissions on fiber optic lines in a LAN - covers about 125mi - Operates on a dual ring structure for redundancy

Question 33

Bus Topology

Answer 33

All devices are connected to a single central cable (Backbone)

Question 34

Star Topology

Answer 34

Each node is connected back to a central point devices (switch).

Question 35

Hub and Spoke

Answer 35

Central node (hub) is connected to other hubs via multiple nodes (spokes)

Question 36

Mesh

Answer 36

Point to point connection between every single device on the network.

Question 37

What is Infrastructure mode?

Answer 37

most common type of wireless network that features a WAP as it's central node.

Question 38

Ad Hoc Mode

Answer 38

Decentralized wireless network that creates peer to peer connections without a need for a router/AP.

Question 39

Wireless Mesh

Answer 39

An interconnection of different types of nodes, devices and radios

Question 40

Datacenter

Answer 40

A facility that is used to Organize, process, store and disseminate large amounts of data.

Question 41

Three-Tiered Hierarchy

Answer 41

Core -consists of 2 or more routers - used to combine 2 separate networks into 1 Aggregation/Distribution - consists of layer 3 switches - creates boundary definition through access lists & filters. Access/edge - connects all endpoint devices - uses regular switches

Question 42

Collapsed Core

Answer 42

Network topology where the Core and Distribution layers are merged.

Question 43

Spine and Leaf

Answer 43

2- tiered Network topology that focuses on the communication within the datacenter itself. - Spine layer connects leaf layer switches in a full mesh - leaf layer switches connect directly to access layer devices - can give faster speeds and lower latency

Question 44

North- South traffic

Answer 44

Northbound traffic leaving data center Southbound traffic entering the datacenter

Question 45

East - West traffic

Answer 45

Data moving within the Data center