SA Chapter 3.4: International Pressures On NP 1974-83 Flashcards
(7 cards)
POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE CONTINENT: MOZAMBIQUE:
Who came into power after civil war… how much portuguese left Mozambique?
Who did FRELIMO help?
Why did Botha support the rebellion against FRELIMO?
/FRELIMO 1975 … most out of the 100,000 living there.
/FRELIMO helped ZANU establish guerrilla bases in mozambique to fight the minority white government.
/FRELIMO had communist ideologies, and Mozambique could also become a safe haven for MK armed struggle/ ANC.
POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE CONTINENT: ZIMBABWE:
What were the two sides, and the leader of the white minority government?
What did the rebels rely on for military matters? And the whites?
In the end, what happened? Why did SA step back?
Despite new government in Zimbabwe, what did it still not permit?
/Ian Smith’s white minority regime vs ZANU military force.
/Chinese assistance, and South African help.
/The opposing forces met in London and a constitution was agreed on. ZANU won election back in Zimbabwe. With greater western powers against Smith’s government, SA saw costs of opposition as too great.
/ANC/PAC to establish military bases.
POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE CONTINENT:
Why did SA choose to spend more on defence?
When was the UN voluntary ban on weapons exports to SA? What did SA do?
By 19__ what % of SA weaponry were made in the country?
/Armed struggle by ANC a distant threat, along with independent African countries all around SA.
/1963… SA prioritised domestic arms industry.
//1983, 80%
POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE CONTINENT: REGIONAL ACOMODATIONS
How many southern African states launched the SADCC? When?
What did SADCC do?
What did Botha do (not military) to stop potential ANC bases?
/9 in 1980.
/Opposed apartheid, tried to reduce economic dependence on SA by developing infrastructure.
/1982 Swaziland non-agression pact, persuaded Lesotho against hosting ANC, stopped supporting FRELIMO opposition if they agreed to not provide sanctuary for ANC in Mozambique.
INTERNATIONAL CONDEMNATION OF THE NP REGIME 1974-83: ECONOMIC SANCTIONS/ POLITICAL ALIGNMENTS:
What reports in 19__ caused Britain and the USA to do what?
/1973 reports of starvation wages paid by British firms in SA… made headlines. USA and Britain to create a series of principles around wages and conditions.
INTERNATIONAL CONDEMNATION OF THE NP REGIME 1974-83: ECONOMIC SANCTIONS/ POLITICAL ALIGNMENTS:
What did the AAM organise in London after Soweto? How many?
With ANC loyalties, what was the AAM uneasy about? For example a speaker of which org wasn’t given a platform?
What ideology was instead encouraged by the AAM?
/Demonstration of 6000.
/The black consciousness movement. SASM speaker wasn’t given a platform in London.
/Charterism- support of Freedom Charter principles.
INTERNATIONAL CONDEMNATION OF NP REGIME, 1974-83: POLITICAL PRISONERS:
How did the AAM find it could gather more support?
What was launched in 19___ to focus on political prisoners? What did this do?
By 1978 what was the focus on? Who signed one?
By 1980 what was the slogan for Mandela? What was organised in what year for his birthday?
/Focusing on human rights
/1974: SATIS. Found an young iconic figure to tell a story and gain support from a ew generation.
/Mandela, with his 60th birthday drawing great attention by organising many birthday cards. Even labour cabinet signed one.
/‘Free Nelson Mandela.’ 1983 Birthday concert.
