SAC 3 - 2.1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Old Public Health
Government actions that focused on changing the physical environment to prevent the spread of disease, such as providing safe water, sanitation and sewage disposal, improved nutrition, improved housing conditions and better work conditions
old public health policies
- imporved water and sanitation
- better quality food and nutrition
- introduction of quarantine laws
- safer working conditions
- hygienic birthing practices
- mass immunisation programs
Improved working conditions.
Working conditions in the early 20th century were dangerous, involved exposure to toxic substances or physical injury due to lack of regulations. Government legislation and policy improved unsafe and inhumane conditions reducing work related injuries and death.
VACCINES - MASS VACCINATION PROGRAMS
Vaccinations have see smallpox eliminated worldwide and polio in most parts of the world.
QUARANTINE LAWS
Quarantine was introduced isolating those in the community who were ill, reducing the spreading of illness and diseases, reducing the death of children.
ANTENATAL AND INFANT WELFARE
The Government also became responsible for the provision of antenatal and infant welfare services.
These measures with regulations, resulted in better quality breast milk, an increase in breast feeding rates and improvements in infant mortality.
biomedical model of health
Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is a medical model of care practised by doctors and/or health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease.
strengths of biomedical model
funding brings improvement in tech and research
many diseases are effectively treated
extends life expectancy for the population
weaknesses of biomedical model
Not every condition can be treated
It doesn’t always promote good health and wellbeing (treats the problem, not the cause)
It’s a 1 on 1 model and this can make it costly, therefore not all people can afford it
Social Model of Health:
An approach that recognises improvements in health and wellbeing can only be achieved by directing effort towards addressing the physical, sociocultural and political environments of health that have an impact on individuals and population groups.
health promotion
process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. Health promotion therefore focuses on prevention rather than cure and uses the causes of disease as the starting point rather than diseases themselves.
Build Healthy Public Policy
Decision made by governments and organisations regarding laws and policies that affect health and wellbeing.
Create Supportive Environments
Supportive environments promote health and wellbeing by helping people practice healthy behaviours.
Strengthen community action
Focus is building links between individuals and the community to build a common health related goal.
Develop personal skills
Focus of this action area is Education. Education related to gaining health related knowledge and skills that allow people to make informed
Decisions.
Reorient health services
Refers to changing the health system so that it promotes health and wellbeing rather than just focusing on diagnosing and treating.
strengths of social model of health
It promotes good health and wellbeing and assists in preventing diseases
Education can be passed from generation to generation
Large groups of people can be educated at once which makes it more cost effective
limitation of social model of health
Health promotion messages can be easily ignored
Not every disease can be prevented
why was the social model of health made
In the 1970s the control of infectious diseases had been achieved but lifestyle diseases, especially CVD had become leading cause of mortality and morbidity.
