Sampling Flashcards
What is a population?
People who are the focus of the researcher’s interest.
What is a sample?
A group of people taken from the target population it is assumed that they are representative
What is random sampling?
When everyone has an equal chance of being selected.
How is random sampling carried out?
-write the list of the target population on equal sized paper
-place them in to a hat
-without looking pick your sample from the hat
What is a strength of random sampling?
-unbiased as everyone has an equal chance of being selected.
What is a weakness of random sampling?
-It is way too time consuming as they have to write the whole target populations name on a list also those who are picked may not even want to take part.
What is systematic sampling?
When a system is applied to select ppt.
How is systematic sampling carried out?
-create a sampling frame to help organize TP
-And then apply a system e.g every 5th becomes a ppt
What is a strength of systematic sampling?
Avoids researcher bias as the researcher has no influence over who becomes as ppt as it is a objective system.
What is a weakness of systematic sampling?
May not be representative as no everyone has an equal chance of being picked difficult to generalize the findings.
What is stratified sampling?
Where the markup of the sample reflects proportion of sub groups in the target population.
How does stratified sampling take place?
-Identify the different sub groups
-calculate the propotion of each to be in the sample size
-Number of ppt for each sub group is chosen through random sampling.
What is a strength of stratified sampling?
Representative as it looks at the makeup of each sub group within the target population
What is a weakness of stratified sampling?
Time consuming calculating all the subgroups
What is opportunity sampling?
There at the moment of time.
How is opportunity sampling carried out?
Go somewhere you believe the population your interested in will be ask the first 30 people if they want to take part in research.
What is a strength of opportunity sampling?
Very quick and easy and less money is required as it is who is available.
What is a weakness of opportunity sampling?
Not representative going to a place and picking people who are there at the same time so may have similar personalities
What is volunteer sampling?
it is a self selected method where individuals volunteer themselves.
How is it carried out?
Place an advert where the target population will be wait for 30 ppl to reply
What is a strength of volunteer sampling?
-Very quick cheap and easy as all that is needed to do is place advert somewhere and wait.
What is a weakness of volunteer sampling?
May not be representative as a certain personality would participate in research.
