Sampling methods Flashcards
1
Q
Opportunity sample definition
A
- The researcher selects ppts based on their availability, proximity and willingness to take part.
Characterisied by its convience and practicallity
2
Q
Strengths of an opportunity sample
A
- Convience: Quick and inexpensive to carry out.
- Generalisability= Acheives a large sample size through reaching a wide audience
3
Q
Weaknesses of an opportunity sample
A
- Bias: The variety of people availabe or in proximity may be limited or similar in some ways. (lowered generalisability)
4
Q
Volunteer sample
A
- Ppts self-select to partcipate in the research.
- So the sample consists of people who have volunteered to be in the study.
5
Q
Volunteer sample strengths
A
- Specificity: Useful when seeking out a specific population.
- Willingness: Likely to be committed, cooperative, return for repeated testing, and not drop out
6
Q
Weaknesses of volunteer sample
A
- Self selection bias: Volunteers may differ systematically from those who do not.
7
Q
What type of ppts will a volunteer sample attact?
A
- People who see the request and respond
- People interested in the research topic
- Helpful
8
Q
Random sample
A
- A proability sampling method in which every member of a population has an equal chance at selection and inclusion.
9
Q
Random sample strengths
A
- Minimised bias: Reduces the likeilhood the reseracher conciously or unconciously selects ppts with a certain characteristic
- Representative: As each member of a population has an equal chance at selection, there is a reasonable chance at achieving a representative sammple
10
Q
Random sample weaknesses
A
- Infeasibility for Certain Populations: It may be difficult to accessing certain populations which have unique characteristics. Limiting, the equal chance of being chosen.
- Potential for non- response bias: Non-response bias can occur if certain individuals are more likely to refuse participationThis may affect the representativeness of the sample
11
Q
Non response bias
A
if certain individuals are more likely to refuse participation
12
Q
Self selection bias
A
Volunteers may differ systematically from those who do not.*
