sanskrit_basic terms

Question 1

Vowel

Answer 1

Svara (स्वर)

13 vowels

Question 2

Consonant

Answer 2

Vyañjana (व्यञ्जन)

33 consonants

Question 3

Root (verbal root)

Answer 3

Dhātu (धातु)

2104 roots

Question 4

Base (nominal stem)

Answer 4

Prātipadika (प्रातिपदिक)

The base form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective before adding case ending

Question 5

Noun

Answer 5

Nāma (नाम)

Question 6

Pronoun

Answer 6

Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम)

Sarva means ‘all’ or ‘every’

Question 7

Adjective

Answer 7

Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)

Question 8

Verbs in their modified forms

Answer 8

Tiṇanta (तिङन्त)

A word ending in a tiṅ suffix; includes verbs in their modified forms.

Question 9

Nouns, adjectives, and pronouns.

Answer 9

Subanta (सुबन्त)

A word ending in a sup suffix; includes nouns, adjectives, and pronouns.

Question 10

Suffix

Answer 10

Pratyaya (प्रत्यय)

A word ending added to change its meaning or grammatical function

Question 11

Case

Answer 11

Vibhakti (विभक्ति)

Expl. Rāmaḥ, Rāmam, Rāmeṇa

Question 12

Phonetic combination

Answer 12

Sandhi (संधि)

Question 13

Word formation

Answer 13

Śabdarūpa (शब्दरूप)

śabda (शब्द) = “word”. rūpa (रूप) = “form”

Question 14

ṃ sound

Answer 14

Anusvāra (अनुस्वार)

Letterlijk. Nasale klank

Question 15

ḥ sound

Answer 15

Visarga (विसर्ग)

Question 16

Letter

Answer 16

Varṇa, वर्ण

Question 17

Word

Answer 17

Pada, पद

Question 18

Sentence

Answer 18

Vākya, वाक्य

Question 19

Gender

Answer 19

liṅga (लिङ्ग)

Question 20

number

Answer 20

vacana वचन

Question 21

Masculine

Answer 21

Pulinga (पुंलिङ्ग)

Question 22

Feminine

Answer 22

Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)

Question 23

Neuter

Answer 23

Napuṁsakaliṅga (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)

Question 24

Words ending with a vowel.

Answer 24

Ajanta (अजन्त)

Question 25

Words that end with a consonant.

Answer 25

Halanta (हलन्त)

Question 26

An apostrophe-like mark that indicates a missing vowel (used in Sandhi)

Answer 26

Avagraha

Question 27

Case Endings for Nouns

Answer 27

Supratyaya (सुप्प्रत्यय) | Refers specifically to the 21 noun suffixes used in declensions.

Question 28

The verb suffixes that are added to verb roots (dhātus) to indicate tense, mood, person, and number.

Answer 28

Tiṅ-pratyaya (तिङ्-प्रत्यय)