SAS 1

Question 1

They produce moist, creamy, opaque or pasty colonies 0.5-3.0 mm in dm on culture media

Answer 1

Yeast

Question 2

Most reproduce by asexual budding, few by binary fission

Answer 2

Yeast

Question 3

Produces multicellular filamentous colonies: Fluffy, cottony, wooly or powdery

Answer 3

Mold

Question 4

the basic structural unit of mold

Answer 4

Hyphae

Question 5

COMMON FORMS OF HYPHAE

Curved, freely branching and antler in appearance

Answer 5

Antler Hyphae/Favic Chandelier

Question 6

COMMON FORMS OF HYPHAE

Enlarged, club-shaped with the smaller end attached to the large end of the adjacent club-shaped strands

Answer 6

Racquet hyphae

Question 7

COMMON FORMS OF HYPHAE

Coiled or corkscrew seen within hyphal strands, Frequently found in dermatophytes

Answer 7

Spiral hyphae

Question 8

The capability of an organism to grow in more than one form under different environment

Answer 8

Dimorphism

Question 9

Example of an organism that shows Dimorphism

Answer 9

Sporothrix schenkii

Question 10

An organism that grows only in one form ( mold/ Sparobic/ hyphal)may it be at room temperature or at a higher temp

Answer 10

Monomorphic

Question 11

perfect fungus; is associated with the formation of specialized structures that facilitates fertilization and nuclear fission resulting in the formation of specialized spores

Answer 11

Sexual (Teleomorph)

Question 12

Types of Teleomorph

Answer 12

A. Zygospores/Zygomycetes
B. Ascospores/Ascomycetes
C. Basidiospores/Basidiomycetes
D. Oospores

Question 13

Types of Teleomorph

derived from fusion of identical cells from the same hyphae

Answer 13

Zygospores/Zygomycetes

Question 14

Types of Teleomorph

enclosed in a specific sac called ascus (asci)

Answer 14

Ascospores/Ascomycetes

Question 15

Types of Teleomorph

enclosed in a club-shaped structures called basidia or basidium

Answer 15

Basidiospores/Basidiomycetes

Question 16

Types of Teleomorph

derived from fusion of non-identical cells from the same hyphae

Answer 16

Oospores

Question 17

imperfect fungus (Fungus imperfecti) ; a new colone is formed without the involvement of a gamete and without nuclear fusion; a type of sporulation seen in most fungi encountered I the clinical laboratory and occurs strictly by mitosis

Answer 17

Asexual (anamorph)

Question 18

derived from the cells of the thallus or body of the fungi

Answer 18

Thalospores

Question 19

TYPES OF THALOSPORES

Answer 19

Blastospores
Arthrospores/Arthroconidia
Oidia
Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidia
Sporangiospores

Question 20

TYPES OF THALOSPORES

Buds formed by budding process, sprouting from the surface of the parent cell

Answer 20

Blastospores

Question 21

TYPES OF THALOSPORES

Arise by fragmentation of the ends of hyphae at the point of septation; square barrel-shaped thick walled cells

Answer 21

Arthrospores/Arthroconidia

Question 22

TYPES OF THALOSPORES

When hyphal cells separate from one another to form flat ended spores

Answer 22

Oidia

Question 23

TYPES OF THALOSPORES

Enlarged, round unicellular thick-walled structures that are formed during unfavorable conditions; formed by the enlargement of a hyphal cell

Answer 23

Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidia

Question 24

3 types of Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidi a

Answer 24

1. Terminal
2. Intercallary
3. Sessile

Question 25

3 types of Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidia found at the hyphal tip

Answer 25

Terminal

Question 26

3 types of Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidia found within the hyphal strands

Answer 26

Intercallary

Question 27

3 types of Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconidia found at the side of the hyphal strand

Answer 27

Sessile

Question 28

TYPES OF THALOSPORES Born internally within a sac called “SPORANGIUM”, which develops at the tip of the sporangiophore

Answer 28

Sporangiospores

Question 29

Example of Blastospores

Answer 29

Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 30

Example of Oidia

Answer 30

Geotrichum candidum

Question 31

asexual spores produces singly or in groups (en-grape) by specialized vegetative strands/branch called Conidiphore (borne externally not with in)

Answer 31

Conidia

Question 32

Some conidiophore terminate into swollen structure called

Answer 32

VESICLE

Question 33

From the surface of the vesicle are formed secondary flask-shaped or bottle called ______ which in turn give rise to long chains of conidia as seen in Aspergillus

Answer 33

PHIALIDES or STERIGMA

Question 34

2 Sized of Conidia - Small, unicellular conidia, maybe round, elliptical or pyriform (pear-shaped) - Usually born directly on the side of the hyphal strands or at the end of a long or short conidiophore

Answer 34

Microconidia/Microaleuriospores

Question 35

2 Sized of Conidia - Large, multicellular conidia; multi-septate, clavate or spindle-shaped - Usually borne on a short to long conidiophore

Answer 35

Macroconidia/Macroaleriospores

Question 36

To see if fungus is a contaminant with bacterium

Answer 36

Gram Staining (Permanent Mounts)

Question 37

Best for visualizing fungi in skin scraping or tissue If dematiaceous, appears as dark brown/black

Answer 37

PAS

Question 38

Excellent for staining yeast cells of H. capsulatum in tissue

Answer 38

Wright’s Stain or Giemsa

Question 39

Best stain for B. dermatitidis

Answer 39

Papanicolau method

Question 40

Ideal for T. versicolor

Answer 40

Acridine Orange

Question 41

Useful in the differentiation of Nocardia from Actinomyces Hyphae of Nocardia steroids and Nocardia brasilliensis are partially acid fast

Answer 41

Acid Fast Stain (Kinyoun)

Question 42

Rough and spiny conidia

Answer 42

Echinulate

Question 43

Conidia in chain

Answer 43

Catenate