Scalene Muscles

Question 1

Origin and insertion of the scalenus anterior muscle?

Answer 1

Anterior tubercles of 3456 cervical vertebrae.

Inserts on the scalene tubercle and the adjoining ridge on the 1st rib

Question 2

What muscle assists in forced inspiration?

Answer 2

Scalenus anterior assists by elevating the first rib.

Question 3

What are the anterior relations of the scalenus anterior muscle?

Answer 3

3 muscles: sternomastoid, intermediate tendon of omohyoid and subclavius
3 arteries: transverse cervical, ascending cervical and suprascapular arteries
3 veins: anterior jugular vein, internal jugular vein and subclavian vein.
3 other structures: clavicle, phrenic nerve and deep cervical lymph nodes.

Question 4

What are the posterior relations of the scalenus anterior muscle?

Answer 4

Second part of subclavian artery, roots of brachial plexus and scalenus medius.

Question 5

What’s the vertebral triangle?

Answer 5

It’s a triangle formed by the longus colli and scalenus anterior muscle which contains many structures including the first part of subclvian artery and its branches.

Question 6

How are the trunks of brachial plexus related to the scalenus anterior?

Answer 6

Laterally.

Question 7

What’s the origin of the scalenus medius muscle?

Answer 7

Transverse processes of all cervical vertebrae