Science 10 : Chemistry Flashcards
(75 cards)
When did chemstry begin its practices?
1700s
What is chemistry?
The study of matter and its properties, the changes that matter goes through and the energy associated with those changes
Whats an atom
building blocks of matter and they cannot be broken down into simpler substances
what are elements
are the names we give atoms based on the number of protons in their nucleus
what are molecules
group of atoms bonded together
What are compounds
a type of molecule in which two or more different elements are bound together
define matter
anything with mass, volume, and takes up space
can be solid, liquid, or gas
What is a mixture
matter that can be seperated by physical means
does not have a definite composition
pure substance
matter that has a definite compoition(chemical formula)
Hetergenous mixture
aka mechanical micture
different components of the mixture are visible
ex: trail mix, orange juice with pulp
Homogenous mixture
aka solution
Different components are not visible
ex: tea, milk
Element
cannot chemically be broken down
on periodic table
What is the billiard model
- atoms are the smallest particles of matter
- all atoms were like small solid spheres like a billiard ball
WHo made the billiard model
Dalton
Plum pudding model define
positively charged mass(protons) embedded with negatively charged particles(electrons). The positive and negative charges balanced each other out
Who made the plum pudding model
Thompson
Planetary model
almost all of an atoms mass is located in the center which he called the nucleus
nucleuas was composed of positively charged particles called protons
Elcetrons rotated around the nucleus at random
WHo made the planetary model
Rutherford
What is the Bohr atomic model
Hypothesized that electron rotated around the nuclues in fixed pathways
determine that the nucleus consited of both protons and nuetrons
Who made the Bohr atomic model
Bohr
Electron cloud model
electrons behave more like waves than particles
model is based on a series of mathematical equations allowing us to predict where electrons are ost likely to be found.
Who made the electron cloud model
Chrodinger and Loui de Broglie
How to get nuetrons
atomic mass - atomic #
Whats period
horizontal row that organizes elements according to their atomic numbers. The number of period equals the number of energy level for that atom. ( how many energy rings)
