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中学3年　1学期中間 > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Reference point

A

A comparison to describe the location of an object

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2
Q

Position

A

Distance of an object from a certain reference point

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3
Q

Frame of Reference

A

A set of conditions that gives information about an object’s location

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4
Q

Object-centered frame of reference

A

anchored to the object, changes as it moves

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5
Q

World centered frame of reference

A

does not change as the object moved within the environment

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6
Q

Reference Direction

A

Takes the reference point as zero and sets a particular direction from that as positive/negative

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7
Q

Absolute velocity

A

The velocity of something relative to fixed RF

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8
Q

Inertial Reference Frame

A

Things we pretend don’t move

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9
Q

Why do we need to mention the reference every time motion occurs

A

Velocity measures depend on which reference frame is used. In other to acknowledge movement, we need a reference frame.

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10
Q

Displacement

A

The difference between the start and end of a movement

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11
Q

Distance

A

The total distance covered, which ever direction

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12
Q

Vectors

A

Quantities made up of BOTH a magnitude and a direction

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13
Q

Scalars

A

Quantities made up of magnitude

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14
Q

Speed

A

Distance/time

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15
Q

Velocity

A

Displacement/time
(Speed and direction of a moving object)

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16
Q

Accuracy

A

The closeness of a measurement to the correct quantity

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17
Q

Precision

A

Closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

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18
Q

Acceleration

A

A=F/M
[Measure of the change in velocity (speed or direction) over time]

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19
Q

Force

A

A push or a pull on something

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20
Q

Two ways for a force to act upon an object

A

Direction & Speed

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21
Q

Isaac Newton

Study These Flashcards
A

Mathematician, born in 1643, wrote “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”
Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation in the principle (1687)

22
Q

Newton

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A

A force necessary to provide an acceleration of 1m/s to mass of 1kg

23
Q

Accuracy

Study These Flashcards
A

The closeness of a measurement to the correct or accepted quantity

24
Q

Precision

Study These Flashcards
A

A closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

25
Captive zeros
Significant
26
Leading zeros
Not significant
27
Trailing zeros (no decimal)
Not significant
28
Trailing zeros (decimal)
Significant
29
Digits
Significant
30
Acceleration
Measure of the change in velocity over a period of time (A=F/M)
31
Net force
The total forces acting on an object
32
Newton’s Second Law
The acceleration of an object equals the net force on the object divided by the object’s mass
33
Newton’s First Law
A. If the force acting on an object is 0, the acceleration must also be 0 B. An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by another force
34
Newton’s second law
more mass accelerate less
35
Newton’s third law
For every in nature, there is an equal and opposite force (it will bounce back)
36
Applied Force
Force that is applied to an object by a person or another object
37
Contact Force
A push or pull on an object by another that is touching it
38
Weight
Force of gravity pulling on an object (Weight = mass of object × acceleration of gravity
39
Normal Force
A supporting force on an object in contact with a surface
40
Friction
Force between objects/surfaces that resist movement
41
Kinetic Friction
Friction created by the microscopic textures of surfaces (motion)
42
Static Friction
Friction created by intermolecular attractions (no motion)
43
Tension
A Pulling force in flexible connectors that is equal at all points
44
Balanced Forces
Forces that have the same magnitude that cancel each others out (also includes moving forces)
45
Free-body Diagram
Used to understand how the forces are applied to an object
46
System
A set of internal forces acting upon each other
47
Force Pairs
Refers to forces that oppose each other and push in opposite directions, always including two different bodies
48
Elastic Collision
When two forces fly apart from each other after a collision
49
Unelastic Collision
When two forces stick together after a collision
50
Gravity
Affected by distance and mass
51
Gravitational Field
Objects with mass generate a gravitational field around them, the more mass and the closer, the stronger the gravitational field
52
Tides
high tides are due to the gravitational pull of the moon

中学3年　1学期中間 (6 decks)

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