Science: Cell cycle and mitosis Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are the main stages of the cell cycle?
The main stages are interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
What is interphase?
The phase of the cell cycle when a cell is preparing itself to duplicate, meaning that the DNA will replicate itself. It is the phase in which a typical cell spends most of its life.
What is mitosis? What are the stages of mitosis?
Mitosis is the stage during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two nuclei. During mitosis, one copy of the DNA is distributed into each of the new daughter cells. It occurs in four steps; PMAT.
What is prophase?
The first stage of cell division where the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses into chromosomes, while the nuclear membrane begins to break down.
What is metaphase?
The second stage of cell division where chromosomes line up in the center of a dividing cell.
What is anaphase?
The third stage of cell division in which the sister chromosomes separates into two identical groups that move to opposite ends of the cell.
What is telophase?
A nucleus forms around each group of chromosomes.
What is cytokinesis?
The process where a cell’s cytoplasm physically divides into two separate daughter cells.
What are somatic cells?
Any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
What is mitosis for?
Growth, repair, and reproduction.
What is a centriole?
A minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
How does cell division differ in animal and plant cells?
Only animal cells have centrioles.
What are spindle fibers?
Protein structures, primarily composed of microtubules, that are essential for cell division in eukaryotic cells
