Science (Energy Changes)

Question 1

What are exothermic reactions?

Answer 1

Reactions that release energy into the surroundings

Question 2

What are endothermic reactions?

Answer 2

Chemical reactions that take energy from the surroundings

Question 3

Do exothermic reactions increase or decrease in temperature?

Answer 3

Exothermic reactions increase the temperature of surroundings

Question 4

Do endothermic reactions increase or decrease in temperature?

Answer 4

Endothermic reactions decrease the temperate of surroundings

Question 5

Do thermometers count as surroundings?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Whats an everyday example of endothermic reactions?

Answer 6

cold packs

Question 7

Whats an everyday use of exothermic reactions?

Answer 7

Hand warmers

Question 8

Is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic?

Answer 8

Endothermic, it takes in heat.

Question 9

What unit do we use to measure energy?

Answer 9

Joules, J

Question 10

How can we tell which foods are energy rich?

Answer 10

Compare the energy values on food labels

Question 11

What is a fuel?

Answer 11

A substance that releases the stored energy when it is burned

Question 12

What is the law of the conservation of energy?

Answer 12

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

Question 13

What is an energy store?

Answer 13

When energy is held by an object for a time

Question 14

Which energy store is involved in fuels, food and batteries?

Answer 14

Chemical energy store

Question 15

Which energy store is involved when objects heat up or cool down?

Answer 15

Thermal energy store

Question 16

How is energy moved between energy stores?

Answer 16

By energy transfer

Question 17

Which energy transfer is often involved in changing the temperature of objects?

Answer 17

Transfer from hot to cold

Question 18

Which energy store is involved when objects speed up or slow down?

Answer 18

Kinetic energy store

Question 18

Which energy transfer is involved when people or machines push objects?

Answer 18

Transfer by a force

Question 19

Which energy store is involved when an object is lifted up or drops down (on a planet with a gravitational field)?

Answer 19

Gravitational energy store

Question 20

Which energy store is involved when objects are stretched or squashed?

Answer 20

Elastic energy store

Question 21

Which energy transfer is involved in an electric circuit?

Answer 21

Transfer by electric current

Question 22

Which energy transfer is involved when an object produces or absorbs light?

Answer 22

Transfer by waves

Question 23

Which energy transfer is involved when an object produces or absorbs sound?

Answer 23

Transfer by waves

Question 24

Name the 5 main energy stores

Answer 24

Chemical, thermal, elastic, kinetic, gravitational

Question 25

Name the four energy transfers

Answer 25

Transfer from hot to cold, transfer by a force, transfer by electric current, transfer by waves

Question 26

What is energy?

Answer 26

Energy is a measure of what we can do

Question 27

What is power?

Answer 27

How quickly energy is transferred

Question 28

What units do we use to measure power?

Answer 28

Watts, W

Question 29

In words, what equation links energy, time, and power?

Answer 29

Energy = power x time

Question 30

In symbols, what equation links energy, time, and power?

Answer 30

E = p x t

Question 31

What do we use energy resources for?

Answer 31

To supply our energy needs (e.g generating electricity)

Question 32

What does renewable mean?

Answer 32

The source will not run out

Question 33

What does non-renewable mean?

Answer 33

The source will run out

Question 34

What is a fossil fuel?

Answer 34

A fuel produced from ancient organisms

Question 35

Give the name of three fossil fuels

Answer 35

Coil, oil, natural gas

Question 36

How long does it take for fossil fuels to form?

Answer 36

Millions of years

Question 37

How is the energy store in fossil fuels released?

Answer 37

They are burnt

Question 38

Give two ways in which energy released from burning fossil fuels is used.

Answer 38

Generating electricity, moving cars

Question 39

Why is producing carbon dioxide a problem?

Answer 39

It adds to global warming and contributes to climate change

Question 40

State two disadvantages of generating electricity using wind power.

Answer 40

Highly dependant on weather and can be noisy

Question 41

State two advantages of generating electricity using wind power.

Answer 41

Does not release carbon dioxide and is cheap

Question 42

State two advantages of generating electricity and using fossil fuels

Answer 42

Reliable and can generate electricity on a large scale

Question 43

State two disadvantages of generating electricity using fossil fuels

Answer 43

Produces carbon dioxide and fossil fuels are non-renewable

Question 44

What equipment do we use to see things too small for our eyes?

Answer 44

Microscope

Question 45

What are the three main steps to follow when looking at something through a microscope?

Answer 45

1 Start with the lowest magnification objective lens; 2 Focus using the focus wheels; 3 increase the magnification (if you need to)

Question 46

What happens to the image on a microscope when we focus it?

Answer 46

The image becomes sharp enough to see (clearer)

Question 47

What is an organism?

Answer 47

A living thing

Question 48

Why is producing carbon dioxide a problem?

Answer 48

It adds to global warming and contributes to climate change

Question 49

What is a unicellular organism?

Answer 49

An organism made of only one cell

Question 50

What is a multicellular organism?

Answer 50

An organism made up of more than one cell

Question 51

What is a cell?

Answer 51

The basic building block of all life

Question 52

What is a sub-cellular structure?

Answer 52

A small part of a cell, with a specialised function (job)

Question 53

Name four sub-cellular structures found in all types of cells.

Answer 53

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material and ribosomes

Question 54

Name five sub-cellular structures found in animal cells.

Answer 54

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, nucleus

Question 55

Name eight sub-cellular structures found in plant cells

Answer 55

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, nucleus, chloroplasts, cell wall, vacuole

Question 56

Which sub-cellular structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

Answer 56

Chloroplast, cell wall, permenant vacuole