Science GA 2.1 Reproductive

Question 1

-Refers to the presence of a single set of chromosomes in an organism’s cells

Answer 1

Haploid

Question 2

-Refers to the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells, with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair

Answer 2

Diploid

Question 3

To regulate the function of the testes, two hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland found in the brain

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Stimulates the secretion of male sex hormone
-Secretion

Answer 4

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 5

Along with testosterone, stimulates sperm production in the seminiferous tubules
-Production

Answer 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 6

-Responsible for developing secondary male characteristics during puberty
-Regulate sex drive (libido), bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm

Answer 6

Testosterone

Question 7

Is the white fluid that comes out from the penis, that process is also known as ejaculation when sexual intercourse culminates.

Answer 7

Semen

Question 8

Is the male reproductive cell and is only a component of semen, which is very important if you are trying to have children

Answer 8

Sperm

Question 9

-Helps the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and enter the cytoplasm of the ovum, so that nucleus of sperm and the ovum can fuse

Answer 9

Acrosome

Question 10

-A very important structure that functions to protect sperm against extracellular injuries and to respond to physiological challenges

Answer 10

Cell Membrane

Question 11

-Contains the genetic material in a sperm cell

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

-It produces energy in the sperm and pushes it to move

Answer 12

Mitochondria

Question 13

-Propels the sperm toward the egg

Answer 13

Tail(Flagellum)

Question 14

-Secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acids present in the female reproductive system
-Neutralizes the acidity of the vaginal tract to prolong lifespan of sperm
-Produces some of the fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation

Answer 14

Prostate Gland

Question 15

-Secrete a fluid rich in sugar that sperm cells use for energy

Answer 15

Seminal Vesicles

Question 16

-Secrete alkaline fluid that traces of acidic urine in the urethra
-Produces a pre-ejaculate that cleanses and lubricates the urethra prior to the arrival of the semen

Answer 16

Bulbourethral Glands

Question 17

How much is released during ejaculation

Answer 17

-3.5 milliliters of semen
-300 to 400 million sperm cells
-5 to 10 million in just one drop

Question 18

-Triggers the development of secondary female characteristics and it stimulates egg development
-Activates the growth and overall development of a woman’s ovaries
-It also regulates the beginning of a woman’s menstrual cycle, which indicates that the reproduction system has reached maturity
-Regulates the menstrual cycle

Answer 18

Estrogen

Question 19

-Also known as the pregnancy hormone in females
-Prepares the lining on the uterus for the fertilized egg to implant and grow
-Hormone that supports pregnancy

Answer 19

Progesterone

Question 20

-Is the first discharge of the blood from the vagina

Answer 20

Menarche

Question 21

-When the sperm is been deposited inside the female reproductive tract during copulation, and fertilization has occurred, the role of the male reproductive system is complete

Answer 21

Gestation/Pregnancy

Question 22

-Are the eggs made produced in the female reproductive system
-All females are born with approximately 2 million eggs they will produce in a lifetime but only 300 to 500 will mature and are then called ___

Answer 22

Ova (singular: Ovum)

Question 23

-If fertilization occurs, the fertilized ovum is now called the

Answer 23

Zygote

Question 24

• The ovaries prepare the female body each month to make pregnancy possible
  -Occurs in two distinct phases or changes

Answer 24

The Ovarian Cycle

Question 25

-Is the longest phase of your menstrual cycle. It lasts from the first 14 to 21 days. During this phase, your ovaries house a developing egg they will later release during ovulation -This process starts if FSH(Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and LH(Luteinizing Hormone) is released by the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 25

Follicular Phase

Question 26

-Begins after you ovulate -The dominant follicle that releases an egg at ovulation changes into a structure called the corpus luteum. -The corpus luteum produces progesterone, along with some estrogen -Progesterone levels increase in the luteal phase, which help thicken the lining of your uterus

Answer 26

Luteal Phase

Question 27

-The dominant follicle that releases an egg at ovulation changes into a structure -Produces progesterone, along with some estrogen

Answer 27

Corpus Luteum

Question 28

- Invades the epithelial lining of the vagina and the urethra -This disease can be treated with antibiotics -Infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and the urethra in women and men

Answer 28

Neisseria Gonorrhea

Question 29

-Discharged caused by gonorrhea

Answer 29

Pus

Question 30

-A sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum -This disease can be cured in the early stages but may lead to serious complications when left untreated

Answer 30

Syphilis

Question 30

-Is contracted by babies born to an infected mother -Antibiotics are used to treat the initial stages of syphilis and stop it from progressing

Answer 30

Congenital Syphilis

Question 31

- This bacterium causes infection when it gets into broken skin or mucus membranes, usually of the genitals -Cause of syphilis

Answer 31

Treponema Pallidum

Question 32

-Is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), which attacks the immune system -The first case was in 1981 but is still present today since no cure is available -There is a latency period of 5 to 10 years -There is no known cure but prompt medical attention can reduce or delay the onset of serious complications

Answer 32

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)

Question 33

-The infection is characterized by painful, itching lesions, and blister-like eruptions in the genital area that occur 10 days after exposure to the infected sexual partner -These sores take about two weeks to heal and may recur - Some infected individuals may not experience signs and symptoms and yet may be contagious - The virus may stay dormant in the body but may activate due to stress or illness -Is incurable -Is caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2)

Answer 33

Genital Herpes

Question 34

-The process by which sperm cell production occurs

Answer 34

Spermatogenesis

Question 35

-Comprise the bulk (80%) of the testis mass and are responsible for developing germ cells -Support cells include Sertoli cells, fibrocyte, and myoid cells

Answer 35

Seminiferous Tubules

Question 36

Libido

Answer 36

The desire for sex