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Science > science light and eyeballs > Flashcards

science light and eyeballs Flashcards

1
Q

what is force

A

a push or pull on a object

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2
Q

what is a wave

A

a disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space

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3
Q

what is a crest

A

highest part of wave

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4
Q

what is a trough

A

lowest part of wave

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5
Q

what is a wavelength

A

distance from one trough to the next, or crest to crest

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6
Q

whats a amplitude

A

height of the wave or the depth of it

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7
Q

what is a frequency

A

of oscilations that occur in a given time

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8
Q

what is a frequency measured in

A

hertz (Hz)

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9
Q

what is energy carried in

A

in a wave

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10
Q

what are the 2 wave types

A

transverse and compression

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11
Q

how do the transverse waves move

A

the waves are fairly far apart and they vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave

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12
Q

how do the compression waves move

A

they have extremely short wavelengths and they vibrate in the same direction of the waves

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13
Q

how can you remember the difference between the waves

A

think of compression like its in a compressed room and it causes the waves to become compressed.

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14
Q

what is white light made of

A

wavelengths

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15
Q

what happens when a white light goes through a prism

A

they refract and also become different colors.

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16
Q

which colors have shorter wave lengths

A

violet. everything up above it on the rainbow have slightly longer wave lengths.

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17
Q

what is the white light called when it separates into a rainbow

A

the visible spectrum

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18
Q

what is white a result of?

A

a mixture of all the colors

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19
Q

what happens when a light hits a object

A

it will be reflected or absorbed. only reflected light can be seen

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20
Q

what are the primary additive colors

A

red green blue combine to produce all colors of the rainbow.

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21
Q

what are the secondary additive colors

A

magenta, cyan, yellow

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22
Q

what does visible light cause

A

electromagnetic radiation and also causes the electrical and magnetic fields to vibrate

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23
Q

what are radio waves

A

the longest wavelength of EM radiation and has the lowest energy

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24
Q

what are microwaves (not the food heater)

A

have shorter wavelengths than radio waves. used in satellite talking

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25
Q

what are infrared rays

A

radiate heat, emitted by all objects ; more warm object means more infrared waves than cooler objects. they are used in remote controls and CD readers

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26
Q

what is ultraviolet light

A

very energetic and causes cancer, fluorescent materials absorb UV light and emit it as visible light, kills bacteria

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27
Q

explain X rays (not the machine)

A

have very short wavelengths and used to see bones and inside luggage

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28
Q

explain gamma rays

A

shortest wavelength and highest energy

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29
Q

what is light made out of

A

photons

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30
Q

how do photons travel

A

straight lines away from the light source

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31
Q

what is transparent, translucent, and opaque mean

A

transparent transmits light waves, translucent lets some out and some in, and opaque osorbs or reflects

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32
Q

how are shadows made

A

the light is blocked by a object forcing the photons to bounce and go anywhere but the blocking object

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33
Q

what is it called when a light bounced off a object

A

reflected

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34
Q

whats the incoming ray and the outgoing ray called

A

indecent ray and reflected ray

35
Q

what happens when light moves from air to glass

A

it slows and changes direction

36
Q

what is the angle of refraction

A

angle between a ray of light emerging from boundary between 2 materials

37
Q

what is the normal

A

the middle of the material that the indecent and reflected ray is hitting

38
Q

what happens when light passes through dense material

A

it bends towards the normal and slows

39
Q

what happens when light passes through less dense material

A

vice versa from the dense stuff

40
Q

what does refraction do to water

A

objects in the water seem closer.

41
Q

what do mirrors do

A

reflect light

42
Q

whats a plane mirror

A

flat mirror, normal image, image seems to be behind the mirror

43
Q

whats a concave mirror

A

curved inward,

44
Q

how do rays work with a concave mirror

A

reflected light rays meet at the focal point and come together. they are called converging rays

45
Q

what do images looked like in concave mirrors

A

distant objects are small and inverted, closer is larger and upright

46
Q

whats a convex mirror

A

curved outwards

47
Q

what are the rays called that hit the convex mirror

A

lingering rays

48
Q

what do images look like in a convex mirror

A

smaller than they really are and show a bigger area than most mirrors

49
Q

what is a lens

A

its a curved piece of glass that bends light in a controlled way, can cause them to converge or diverge

50
Q

explain concave lens

A

thinner in middle, rays diverge

51
Q

explain convex lens

A

thicker in middle,rays converge, image formed depend on angle and light

52
Q

where do light rays converge

A

focal point

53
Q

what is the distance called from the focal length to to the lens

A

focal length

54
Q

what is a pupil

A

black center of a eye where light enters

55
Q

what is a iris

A

the colored part of the eye

56
Q

what does the iris do

A

controls the amount of light going into the eye but expanding and shrinking

57
Q

what is the sclera

A

white part of eye

58
Q

whats the cornea

A

transparent tissue that covers the eye ball

59
Q

whats behind the pupil

A

flexible convex lens

60
Q

what does the flexible convex lens in the back of eye do

A

focuses light onto the retina located in back of the eye

61
Q

what is the retina covered in

A

light sensitive cells that make light into energy

62
Q

how are electric signals sent to the brain

A

by optic nerve

63
Q

what does the cornea do

A

refracts light so it converges towards retina

64
Q

is the image that is formed on the retina inverted

A

yes

65
Q

what is the area that the optic nerve enters through the retina called

A

the blind spot

66
Q

what are the 2 light sensitive cells that the retina contains called

A

rods and cone cells

67
Q

what do rod cells look like and do

A

they are rod shaped and allow us to see in the dark

68
Q

what do cone cells look like and do

A

they are cone shaped and allow us to see bright stuff

69
Q

what is near-sighted vision

A

where you cant see distant objects

70
Q

how does near sighted vision happen

A

lens causes light rays to converge witch makes image form in front of the retina

71
Q

how is near sighted vision corrected

A

using a con cave lens

72
Q

what is far sighted vision

A

can not focus on objects far away

73
Q

how does far sight happen

A

lens converges light rays to make image form behind retna

74
Q

how is far sight fixxed

A

convex

75
Q

what is astigmatism

A

blurred sight

76
Q

how does astigmatism happen

A

because of irregular shaped cornea

77
Q

how is astigmatism fixxed

A

use eyeglasses, contacts, or laser surgery

78
Q

what is blindness

A

any kind of vision imparment

79
Q

what is legally blind

A

people who can see a little light such as tunnel vision

80
Q

what is snow blindness

A

temporary blindness do to over exposure to sunlight

81
Q

what is night blindness

A

when you cant see because of your enviroment

82
Q

what is color blindness

A

when you can only see in gray

83
Q

what is color vision deficiency

A

where cant distinguish certain colors

Science (9 decks)

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