Science Mid Term

Question 1

Carolus Linneaus

Answer 1

created the system we use to classify organisms today

Question 2

taxonomy

Answer 2

the scientific study of how things are classified

Question 3

scientific name

Answer 3

has two parts: genus and species

Question 4

binomial nomenclature

Answer 4

the naming process in which every organism is give a two part name

Question 5

autotrophic

Answer 5

plants mostly (organisms that make their own food using energy from the sun)

Question 6

heterotrophic

Answer 6

organisms that obtain energy (food) from another source; animals and fungi

Question 7

prokaryotic

Answer 7

no nucleus

Question 8

eukaryotic

Answer 8

has a nucleus

Question 9

orders of classification

Answer 9

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
(Dear King Phillip Came Over For Good Shrimp)

Question 10

Archea

Answer 10

Single celled organism that do not have a nucleus (prokaryotes are in this domain) they live in extreme/harsh environments

Question 11

Bacteria

Answer 11

all bacteria belong in this domain - they can be found in soil, water, or living organisms. They are prokaryotes and reproduce by cell division.

Question 12

Eukarya

Answer 12

all organisms whose cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles (Eukaryotes) This domain includes Animalia, Plantae, Protista, Fungi Kingdoms

Question 13

6 Characteristics of Life (GRA2CE)

Answer 13

Grow, Reproduce, Adapt and Adjust, Cells, Energy

Question 14

Bacteria

Answer 14

Eubacteria, Prokaryote, Unicellular, Auto and Heterotrophic, Asexual

Question 15

Archaea

Answer 15

Archaebacteria, Prokaryote, Unicellular, Auto and Heterotrophic,
Asexual

Question 16

Eukarya, Protista

Answer 16

Eukaryote, Unicellular and Multicellular, Auto and Heterotrophic, Asexual and Sexual

Question 17

Eukarya, Fungi

Answer 17

Eukaryote, Unicellular and Multicellular, Heterotrophic, Asexual and Sexual

Question 18

Eukarya, Animalia

Answer 18

Eukaryote, Multicellular, Heterotrophic, Sexual

Question 19

Nucleus

Answer 19

Plant and animal - control center of cell

Question 20

Eukarya, Plantae

Answer 20

Eukaryote, Multicellular, Autotrophic, Asexual and sexual

Question 21

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 21

Plant and animal - materials are processed and moved around inside cell

Question 22

Ribosome

Answer 22

Plant and Animal - responsible for protein synthesis in cell

Question 23

Mitochondria

Answer 23

Plant and Animal - powerhouse in the cell. breaks down food to make energy for the cell

Question 24

Chloroplast and Chlorophyll

Answer 24

Plant, enable photosynthesis to make food and energy for the plant

Question 25

Golgi Body

Answer 25

Plant and animal- packs and transports cellular material throughout the cell

Question 26

Cell Membrane

Answer 26

Plant and animal - cell gatekeeper, controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 27

Cell Wall

Answer 27

plant, surrounds cell and maintains structure of the cell

Question 28

Lysosome

Answer 28

Plant and animal but mainly animal, aids with cell digestion and waste removal

Question 29

Large Central Vacuole

Answer 29

Plant, provides storage space for water, waste and other cellular materials

Question 30

Cytoplasm

Answer 30

Plant and animal, gel like fluid in the cell to support the cell organisms to function and stay in place

Question 31

Diffusion

Answer 31

constant, random movement of molecules of particles from high to low concentration

Question 32

Osmosis

Answer 32

Diffusion of water across semipermeable membranes

Question 33

Passive transport

Answer 33

membrane transport, movement of molecules or ions from higher to lower

Question 34

Selectively Permeable

Answer 34

let some things in and some things out

Question 35

Photosynthesis

Answer 35

plants change energy from sunlight to energy that is later used

Question 36

Cellular Respiration

Answer 36

The process a cell uses to get energy from glucose

Question 37

Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis

Answer 37

6CO2 + 6H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 38

Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration

Answer 38

6O2 + C6H12O6 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2

Question 39

Photosynthesis happens in the

Answer 39

chloroplasts

Question 40

Cellular Respiration happens in the

Answer 40

mitochondria

Question 41

Does cellular respiration happen in eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells?

Answer 41

Eukaryotic because prokaryotic do not have mitochondria

Question 42

Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration work together in plant cells.

Answer 42

Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration then the glucose is transformed back into carbon dioxide which is used in photosynthesis.

Question 43

Photosyntheis

Answer 43

takes place in chloroplasts, only done by producers, makes glucose and oxygen, uses sunlight, water, and CO2, is necessary for life processes

Question 44

Cellular Respiration

Answer 44

makes ATP, CO2, and water, takes place in mitochondria, uses oxygen and glucose, necessary for life processes

Question 45

Stages of the Cell Cycle

Answer 45

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

Question 46

Differences between animal and plant cells

Answer 46

Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole while animal cells lack these structures.

Question 47

Digestive System

Answer 47

Consists of the digestive track and several accessory organs. The purpose is to break down food into nutrients that can be used by cells. The circulatory system delivers the nutrients to the cells

Question 48

Nervous System

Answer 48

Nervous system is the control center body. It is made up of brain, nerves, and the spinal cord. A neuron is a nerve cell.

Question 49

Describe how the circulatory system and respiratory system work together.

Answer 49

They work together to deliver O2 to the body's cells. The respiratory system brings in oxygen while the circulatory system delivers it. The gas exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place in the aioli

Question 50

How is the nucleus of the cell like the nervous system of the body?

Answer 50

The nervous system tells the other systems what to do just like the nucleus controls the other organelles

Question 51

Levels of biological organization

Answer 51

cells - tissues - organs- organs systems - organ systems - organisms

Question 52

When microscopes were invented, how did that change the classification system? Why would it change over time?

Answer 52

Scientists were able to see cells. They began to classify organisms based on the number of types of cells. The system will always change as new information is discovered.