scientific method

Question 1

three principal methods for
analyzing and explaining the universe and its phenomena

Answer 1

Religious method
Metaphysical system
Speculative philosophy

Question 2

important feature is that the actions of gods cannot be studied
crop failure might be due to a god’s intervention (a miracle) to reward or punish people
Knowledge of the world comes as a revelation from the deity rather than by observation and study of the world = no reason to expect consistent results from experiments.

Answer 2

Religious Method

Question 3

supernatural, hidden forces that can never be observed or studied.
Phenomena that seem unexplainable in terms of the natural processes of physics and chemistry are believed to be controlled by unknown and unknowable forces.
“__\\___\ forces”: luck, bad omens, accurate horoscopes, and reliable methods for picking the winning numbers in a lottery

Answer 3

Metaphysical System

Question 4

■ Method of analyzing the world that involves thinking about it logically.
■ Sought to develop logical explanations for simple observations.
■ Philosophical predictions are made, but no actual experiment or observation is performed to see if they were correct.
■ Problem: Several alternative conclusions are equally plausible logically; only experimentation can reveal which is actually true.

Answer 4

Speculative Philosophy

Question 5

a firm believer of the power of experimentation and the scientific method to uncover truth

Answer 5

Sir Francis Bacon

Question 6

should support one of the hypothesis

Answer 6

results

Question 7

Hypothesis 1: Plants need light to grow. Hypothesis 2: Plants do not need light to grow.

Answer 7

Hypothesis Formation

Question 8

Plants never occur in dark caves and grow poorly indoors where light is dim.

Answer 8

Observation and Data Gathering

Question 9

Why do plants never/poorly grow in the absence of light? Do plants need light to grow?

Answer 9

Critical Questions Formation