Scientific method

Question 1

What is science

Answer 1

Science seeks natural causes for the natural phenomena that occur around us.

Question 2

What is science limited to?

Answer 2

Science is limited to study of structures and processes that we can observe and measure

Question 3

What is the scientific method?

Answer 3

How scientific knowledge is obtained

Question 4

What are the components of the scientific method in order?

Answer 4

Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion

Question 5

What phrase should be in a prediction?

Answer 5

If…then

Question 6

What do you do if conclusion does not support hypothesis

Answer 6

Reject it and propose a revised or new hypothesis

Question 7

What do you do if conclusion supports hypothesis?

Answer 7

Accept it and ask another question

Question 8

True or false a hypothesis can be proven

Answer 8

False

Question 9

True or false does the scientific method ever end?

Answer 9

False, a hypothesis can either be rejected and revised or can be accepted and retested because it can never be proven

Question 10

How do researchers provide the strongest possible support for their hypothesis?

Answer 10

By designing controlled experiments, using a large sample size (minimum 300 to 400 individuals) and randomly assigning individuals to experiment groups

Question 11

Difference between experimental group and control group

Answer 11

The experimental group is getting tested

Question 12

Define experimental group

Answer 12

Exposed to experimental treatment

Question 13

Define control group

Answer 13

Not exposed to experimental treatment only differing from experimental group by what is being tested

Question 14

Define dependent variable

Answer 14

What you are measuring

Question 15

Define independent variable

Answer 15

What you are varying, manipulating or testing

Question 16

Define standardized variables

Answer 16

What you are keeping the same between the control group and the experimental group

Question 17

• remember for cheat sheet to put*

Answer 17

• examples of components of scientific method and controlled experiments*

Question 18

Can there be more than one dependent variable for an experiment?

Answer 18

Yes, and actually helpful

Question 19

Can there be more than one independent variable?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

What are standardized variables? Why are they important?

Answer 20

**

Question 21

Three characteristics of a scientifically valid hypothesis

Answer 21

1. Must state a casual relationship between two variables.
2. Must be testable (variables observed and measured)
3. Must be falsifiable or able to obtain results that will not support it

Question 22

Define hypothesis

Answer 22

A hypothesis is a proposed answer to a question about a natural phenomenon that can be tested and falsified

Question 23

Define theory

Answer 23

A theory is a well supported broad explanation for observations of the natural world that bring together multiple scientifically valid hypotheses

Question 24

What is the purpose of the peer review process?

Answer 24

To ensure the validity of scientific research by having experts, critically evaluate data, refine hypotheses & verify theories

Question 25

Three categories of sources of scientific claims

Answer 25

1. Primary sources 2. Secondary sources. 3. Anecdotes.

Question 26

Example of primary source

Answer 26

Peer reviewed scientific journals

Question 27

Example of secondary source

Answer 27

Traditional media outlets Government agencies Nonprofit organizations Press releases from universities, biotech, companies, or pharmaceutical companies Paid advertisements

Question 28

Example of anecdotes

Answer 28

Blog or social media posts Casual conversation conversations

Question 29

What is crap test and how is it used?

Answer 29

C urrency (timeliness of info) R eliability(accuracy of info) A uthority(source of info) P urpose(reason for info) This test is used to evaluate science in the news