Flashcards in Second Midterm Deck (34):
1
Why do you do relationship development?
Youth is more communicative
More affected by your social feedback
More likely to respect you
Like you
Enjoy being with you
Want to please you
Be more effective teacher
Know the youth better than their individual needs.
2
How do you do relationship development?
Learn about the youth
Engage in activities with you
Make statements of interest
Make statements of caring
Makes statements of availability
Advocate for youth
Give frequent praise
Give choices
Be empathetic/ sympathetic
Nonjudgmental
Positive
Active listen
3
How you know if you have developed a relationship with a youth?
Communicates with you
Affected by your social feedback
Imitates you
Follows your instruction
Helps out
Talks with you
Gives you things
Jokes with you
Compliments you.
4
9 interactional components of a relationship development
Concern
Sympathy
Encouragement
Respect
Flexibility
Humor
Affection
Positiveness
Allow participation
5
Two primary qualities involved in counseling
Empathy & Warmth
6
Empathy
Understanding what a person is feeling emotionally by: observing a persons behavior, inferring feelings from their verbal and nonverbal behavior, using reflective statements
(to ensure youth understanding as the counselor, help client better understand their feelings, help you better solve the problem), making empathy
7
Warmth
Behaviors involved in the nonverbal and verbal expression of understanding, respect, and concern
8
Describe the main tasks involved in counseling
Obtain information about the problem (1st and 2nd observation)
Determine youth interest
Brainstorm solutions
Evaluate solutions as they affect the youth interest
Help youth choose best solutions in regards to interest
Teach how to implement the solution
Plan when to use it
9
Main task involved in problem- solving to determine the best solution
Find out interest or concerns( what is important, what their concerns are)
Brainstorm solutions
Evaluate the solutions as they affect the youth interest
10
What is interest-based problem solving?
A method of problem solving that involves youth interest and coming up with solution's to the problem and evaluating each solution based on each interest. Picking the best solution.
11
What is the difference between an “interest” and a “position”?
Interest is why you want something
Position is what the youth wants
12
In Effective Skills for Child-Care Workers describes a problem-solving counseling
procedure used at Boys Town.
S- Situation (define)
O-Options (come up with options)
D- Disadvantages ( list disadvantages of options)
A- Advantages (list advantages of options)
S- Solution/ Stimulation ( using SODA come up with best
solution)
F- Follow up with the youth
13
How is SODA-F different from interest base problem solving?
Interest bases problem solving is different than SODAS- F because it takes into account interest of the youth.
14
Label and describe these assumptions used for which contracts should be used.
Receipt of positive reinforcement is a privilege not a right
Good relationships are based on even exchange of reinforcement (reciprocity- each part must be willing to give reinforcement to other party)
Value of a relationship is a direct function of the amount of positive reinforcement (the more reinforcement one receives the more the person will value the relationship)
Rules create freedom
15
Why do we use rationales for contracts?
Use them as rationales for why the family should use contracts
16
7 ways that contracts help families
Makes life predictable
Reduced confusion
Makes expectations explicit, therefore duties may be more likely to be met
Specifies consequences and reduces arguments about those
consequences
Open lines of communication
Influences other people through
positive means rather than negative control
Helps people learn to negotiate and compromise
17
5 main elements of a contract
Responsibilities- what the youth must do
Privileges- reinforcement for engaging in responsibilities
Bonus clause- extra amount if reinforcement for long-term compliance
Sanction or penalties- additional loss for failure to meet a responsibility
Method of monitoring- method for monitoring if contract is being implemented and implemented correctly determined whether responsibilities, privileges, etc
18
What two things should a contract do for a family
Add more positive reinforcement into a parties lives- make life more positive
Create no harm by being vague- vagueness causes disagreements
19
7 features that are important to a good contract
Responsibilities and privileges are specified
Must be capable of performing
Can be monitored
Responsibilities need to be equal to the privileges (reasonable)
Penalties
Bonuses
All parties agree
20
5 things that will increase the likelihood that a contract is beneficial
Contracts should be well defined
Large task should be broken down into smaller steps with specific consequences
Great deal of feedback
High reward
Conjugate consequences.
21
What is conjugate consequences?
Qualitative aspects of a person performance determines the quantity of reinforcement
22
Advantages of item exchange Contract
Simple to understand
Simple to implement
No calculations.
23
Disadvantages of item exchange contract
There is no variability in the privileges and doesn’t allow youth to choose
Can only address a few responsibilities
A youth could saturate on on privileges and not work on the contract
24
How to develop a item exchange contract
Second hand observation to identify responsibilities of the youth and reinforcers to be used as privileges bonuses privileges, and sanctions,
Specifically define elements of contract, prioritize responsibilities and reinforcers
Create a method of monitoring
25
Components of a school contract
Responsibilities: things the youth should do-
classroom rules, classwork point system for each class, points for test or assignment.
Privileges: reinforcement for engaging in responsibilities- basic privileges( prioritized, defined, cost (package)), special privilege (prioritize, define, cost; may purchase after they have bought highest basic privilege package).
Bonuses: long term compliance (bonus responsibility long term compliance with daily responsibility, Bonus privlege greater amount if reinforcement for long term compliance)
Sanctions: additional loss (points loss (10pts) for not having teacher fill out the school note, privlege loss (basic and special) for not bringing school note home or on a weekend for forging school note.
Monitoring system: school note.
26
Calculation for awarding points on a school contract
# of classes * # of pts. (2 pts. for rules + 4 pts for format = 6 pts)
27
Calculation for purchasing privilege packages
Assume youth as 8 classes (8*6)= 48 pts.. 48*60%= 28.8-29 pts.
Highest preferred privilege pacake: phone, tv, computer, snack= 29 pts.
Remove highest preferred privilege and 2 pts: tv, computer, snacks= 27pts.
Remove next highest preferred privilege and 2 pts: computer, snack =25pts.
Remove next highest preferred and 2 pts, snacks = 23pts
28
How to assign values for special privileges
Assign point value based on priority: list and prioritize special privileges
29
What are the methods if fading the school note?
Performance based- when the youth is earning
all points available for the contract for a consecutive amount if time then you can discuss fading
Methods:
Increasing percentage of points needed for basics
Shorten card and decrease amount of feedback given
Decrease the immediacy of receiving pints ans purchasing privileges,
30
When interviewing teachers and parents, how do you explain the purpose of the program?
Improve school behavior with home-based reinforcement using a school note
31
5 steps in helping youth with homework
Student should right down assignments
Take home book and assignment
Does homework, check homework
Turn in homework
32
Awarding points for classroom rules
2 points for all "yes" checks
1 point for any one "no" check
0 points for more than one "no check"
33
Awarding points for class format
4 points for working 100% of class
3 points for working 75% of the class
2 points for working 50% of the class
1 points for working 25% of the class
0 points for working less than 25% of the class
34