secretion

Question 1

Gastrin is released from ___ cells in the ___ and ___

Answer 1

G cells

in the antrum and duod

Question 2

Gastrin is stim by (3)

Answer 2

1. protein digestion
2. Nervous , physical distention
3. Ca+2, decaf coffee , and wine

Question 3

G-17 is gastrin released from the ____

Answer 3

antrum

Question 4

G-34 is gastrin released from the ___

Answer 4

duod

Question 5

trophic activity of gastrin does what?

Answer 5

stim growth of oxyntic mucosa of stomach, duod mucosa, and colon mucosa

Question 6

c.c name the gastrinoma condition

Answer 6

zollinger- ellison sx

Question 7

c.c. location of a zollinger- ellison sx gastrinoma

Answer 7

non beta cell tumor of pancreas or g cell in duod

Question 8

c.c. sx of a zollinger ellison sx gastrinoma

Answer 8

diarrhea
duod ulcer
steatorrhea
hypokalemia

Question 9

location of CCK release

Answer 9

I cells in duod & jejunum

Question 10

CCK secretion is stim by (3)

Answer 10

1. FA/ monoglycerides (not triglycerides)
2. Peptides & AA
3. Acid

Question 11

Physio effects of CCK on the pancreas and stomach

Answer 11

GB: contracts GB relaxes sphincter of Oddi

inhibits : inhibits gastric emptying

Question 12

CCK has trophic effects on ___ & ____ mucosa

Answer 12

pancreas and GB

Question 13

location of Secretin secretion

Answer 13

S cells of the duod

Question 14

Secretin release is stim by (2)

Answer 14

acid in duod

FA in duod

Question 15

Location of GLIP secretion

Answer 15

duod & prox jejunum

Question 16

what (4) factors stim GLIP

Answer 16

fat
acid
carbs
oral glucose

Question 17

what horm will stim the release of insulin

Answer 17

GLIP

Question 18

What horm is released during fasting

Answer 18

motilin

Question 19

_____ horm accounts for the migrating motility complex “housekeeping contractions”

Answer 19

motilin

Question 20

What is the only GI horm secreted in the antrum

Answer 20

gastrin

Question 21

What are the only 2 GI horm that are secreted in the Ileum

Answer 21

CCK

secretin

Question 22

All GI horm are ___

Answer 22

peptides

Question 23

___ & ___ strongly stim secretion of acid in parietal cells

Answer 23

histamine

gastrin

Question 24

______ are stomach cells that secrete gastric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor.

Answer 24

parietal cells

acted upon by histamine and gastrin

Question 25

_____ receptor blockers decrease acid secretion

Answer 25

Histamine H2 receptor blockers Names: Cimetidine & ranitidine

Question 26

source of VIP

Answer 26

Gut mucosa and SM

Question 27

Name the (3) NT of the GI tract

Answer 27

VIP GRP Enkephalin

Question 28

Fxn of the VIP NT

Answer 28

relaxation of gut SM relaxes LES (aka: vasoactive intestinal peptide)

Question 29

FXn of GRP (bombesin)

Answer 29

increase gastrin release | aka: gastrin- releasing peptide

Question 30

Location of Enkephalin NT secretion

Answer 30

Gut mucosa and SM

Question 31

action of enkephalin NT

Answer 31

increase SM tone

Question 32

Which GI organ secretes very acidic secretions

Answer 32

stomach | pH : 2

Question 33

Which GI organ secretes very basic secretions for neutralization

Answer 33

pancreas | pH: 8

Question 34

Which GI organs (3) secrete neutral secretions

Answer 34

GB SI LI

Question 35

the daily vol of GI secretions is ___Liters

Answer 35

7L

Question 36

(4) mech of stim of secretion in the GI tract

Answer 36

1. mech presence of food 2. activiation of enteric NS : tactile, chem, distention of gut 3. Autonomic stim 4. hormonal

Question 37

What are (3) mech to activate the enteric NS

Answer 37

1. tactile stim 2. chem irritation distention of gut wall

Question 38

oral cavity saliva is secreted by 3 major glands

Answer 38

parotid (serous) submandivular (mixed) sublingual (mucous) (buccal glands)

Question 39

parotid is a ___ gland

Answer 39

serous

Question 40

submandibular is a __ gland

Answer 40

mixed | - provides 69% of oral cavity secretion

Question 41

Which oral cavity gland contributes the most to saliva

Answer 41

submandibular

Question 42

Sublingual is a ___ gland

Answer 42

mucous

Question 43

______ digests starch in the oral cavity

Answer 43

alpha amylase

Question 44

c.c. ______viral infection of the parotid gland

Answer 44

mumps

Question 45

what are the 6 constituents of saliva

Answer 45

``` mucus ptyalin (a-amylase) lingual lipase kallikrein NaHCO3 water ```

Question 46

What saliva constitute forms bradykinin

Answer 46

kallikrein | vasodilator

Question 47

_____ increases pH for optimum fxn of amylase

Answer 47

NaHCO3

Question 48

____ protein allows for lubrication in the oral cavity

Answer 48

mucin

Question 49

______protein is an antibacterial protein in the oral cavity

Answer 49

lysozyme

Question 50

_____ acts as a Ca+ binding protein in the oral cavity

Answer 50

proline rich proteins

Question 51

increa. flow in the salivary duct increa. ____ conc bc it can not be absorbed fast enough

Answer 51

Na+

Question 52

saliva is ____. It becomes less conc. in Na+ and Cl- bc of absorption

Answer 52

hypotonic

Question 53

____ ion moves out of the cell with Na+

Answer 53

Cl-

Question 54

what two cranial Nerves help the PS system to increase flow rate of saliva

Answer 54

facial | glossopharyngeal

Question 55

what two N control the taste reflex

Answer 55

facial (submandibular gg) --> subman and subling | glossopharngeal (otic gg) --> parotid

Question 56

_____ blocks the muscarenic AcH receptors so AcH cant bind to make saliva

Answer 56

atropine

Question 57

NE bind to ___ receptors to activate cAMP to secrete enzymes

Answer 57

beta adrenergic receptors