Section 1

Question 1

ABA

Answer 1

Scientific approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behavior and for developing a technology of behavior change that is practical and applicable

Question 2

Science: definition and purpose

Answer 2

Definition: a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world. Based on determinism

Purpose: to achieve a thorough understanding of the phenomena under study

Question 3

3 levels of scientific understanding

Answer 3

Description: Systematic observations that can be quantified and classified

Prediction: Two events may regularly occur at the same time

Control: Functional relation

Question 4

6 attitude of science/philosophical assumption of behavior

Answer 4

determinism 
empiricism 
experimentation
replication
parsimony
philosophical doubt

Question 5

Determinism

Answer 5

• cause and effect
• lawfulness
• world is orderly and predictable

Question 6

Empiricism

Answer 6

• FACTS

- Experimental, data-based scientific approach

Question 7

Experimental

Answer 7

• the basic strategy of must sciences

- requires manipulating variables so as to see the effects on the DV.

Question 8

Replication

Answer 8

• Repeating experiments

- Used to determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings

Question 9

Parsimony

Answer 9

• the simplest theory

- all simple and logical explanations must be ruled out before considering more complex explanations

Question 10

Philosophical doubt

Answer 10

having healthy skepticism and a critical eye about the results of studies and your work with clients

Question 11

7 dimensions of aba

Answer 11

1. Behavioral
2. applied
3. technological
4. conceptually systematic
5. analytical
6. generality
7. effective

Question 12

behavioral

Answer 12

• observable events

- the behavior one chooses must be the behavior in need of improvement

Question 13

applied

Answer 13

• ABA improves everyday life of clients

- improves socially significant behaviors

Question 14

technological

Answer 14

defines procedures clearly and in detail so they are REPLICABLE

Question 15

Conceptually systematic

Answer 15

all procedures used should be tied to the basic principle of behavior analysis from which they were derived

Question 16

analytic

Answer 16

a functional relationship is demonstrated

Question 17

generality

Answer 17

extends behavior change across time, settings, or others behaviors

Question 18

effective

Answer 18

improves behavior in a practical manner, not simply making a change that is statistically significant

Question 19

mentalism: hypothetical constructs, explanatory fictions, circular reasoning

Answer 19

mentalism: an approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension exists and causes behavior

Question 20

beaviorism

Answer 20

the philosophy of the science of behavior

Question 21

4 branches of behavior analysis

Answer 21

1. conceptual analysis of behavior
2. ABA
3. Behavior service delivery
4. experimental analysis of behavior

Question 22

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

Answer 22

classical conditioning

respondent conditioning with dogs

Question 23

John Broadus Watson

Answer 23

Methodological behaviorism

- looks at publicly observable events

Question 24

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Answer 24

Radical Behaviorism

-includes private events

Question 25

Darwinian Selectionism & Pragmatism

Answer 25

darwinian selectionism: discusses 3-term contingency pragmatism: a probabilistic AB -because-of- C philosophy

Question 26

Respondent behavior/ Respondent Conditioning

Answer 26

- elicited: "brought out" - involuntary - behaviors someone doesn't have to learn

Question 27

Reflex

Answer 27

The eliciting stimulus (US) and the behavior it produces (UR) that is part of an organisms genetic endowment

Question 28

Habituation

Answer 28

when the eliciting stimulus is presented repeatedly over a short time, the strength of the respondent behavior diminishes

Question 29

Phylogeny

Answer 29

behavior that is inherited genetically

Question 30

operant behavior/ operant contingency

Answer 30

- emit/evoke - any behavior whose probability of occurrence is determined by its history of consequences - voluntary action

Question 31

Adaptation

Answer 31

Reductions in responding evoke by an antecedent stimulus over repeated or prolonged presentations

Question 32

Ontogeny

Answer 32

learning that results from an organisms interaction with his/her environment

Question 33

Contiguity

Answer 33

when 2 stimuli occur close together in time, resulting in an association of those 2 stimuli

Question 34

Respondent-operant interactions

Answer 34

an experience can often include both respondent and operant conditioning occurring together simultaneously

Question 35

What is not behavior

Answer 35

- dead man test: if a dead man can do it, it's NOT a behavior. If a dead man can't do it, then it is behavior

Question 36

3 principles of behavior

Answer 36

punishment extinction reinforcement