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Health Coaching Exam > Section 1 > Flashcards

Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does autonomy refer to as it relates to ethics in Coaching?

A

A client’s ability to think, decide and act on their own initiative.

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2
Q

What does non-maleficence refer to as it relates to ethics in coaching? 

A

First, do no harm. 

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3
Q

What does beneficence refer to as it relates to ethics in coaching? 

A

Promoting what is best for the client based on scientific evidence. 

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4
Q

What does justice refer to as it relates to ethics in coaching? 

A

Treating all people equally and equitably. Displaying unconditional positive regard and cultivating inclusive, coaching environments. 

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5
Q

What are the four broad principles of ethics that the client-coach relationship is based upon? 

A
  1. Autonomy
  2. Non-malfeasance 
  3. Beneficence
  4. Justice
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6
Q

What are the SAMSHA eight dimensions of wellness? 

A
  1. Physical wellness
  2. Intellectual wellness
  3. Emotional wellness
  4. Spiritual wellness
  5. Financial wellness
  6. Social wellness
  7. Environmental wellness
  8. Occupational wellness 
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7
Q

For what percentage of global death is chronic disease responsible? 

A

70%

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8
Q

What approach to medicine takes into account all evidence-informed therapies that support, physical, emotional, psychological, and spiritual aspects of individuals?

A

Integrative medicine 

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9
Q

In terms of past, present and future, where does a health coach focus primarily? 

A

The present and the desired future

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10
Q

Define person-centered care 

A

Individuals are active participants in their healthcare 

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11
Q

Person-centered care requires what kind of relationships between patients and healthcare providers? 

A

Relationships that are rooted in empathy, compassion, and respect

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12
Q

What are the four categories of coaching competencies? 

A
  1. Setting the foundation
  2. Co-creating the relationship
  3. Communicating effectively
  4. Facilitating learning and results
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13
Q

What coaching competencies are included in the category “Setting the Foundation”?

A
  1. Meeting ethical guidelines and professional standards
  2. Establishing the coaching agreement 
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14
Q

What coaching competencies are included in the category “Co-creating the Relationship”?

A
  1. Establishing trust and intimacy
  2. Coaching presence (being fully present with an open and flexible style)
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15
Q

What coaching competencies are included in the category “Communicating Effectively“?

A
  1. Active listening
  2. Powerful questioning
  3. Direct communication
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16
Q

What coaching competencies are included in the category “Facilitating Learning and Results”?

A
  1. Creating awareness
  2. Designing actions
  3. Planning and goal setting
  4. Managing progress and accountability
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17
Q

What are four elements that are important for establishing rapport with a client?

A
  1. Unconditional positive regard
  2. Autonomy
  3. Empathy
  4. Affirmation
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18
Q

What are the five personality traits in the five-factor model?

A
  1. Openness to experience
  2. Conscientiousness
  3. Extroversion
  4. Agreeableness
  5. Neuroticism
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19
Q

What are three types of reflections that a coach might use? 

A
  1. Simple reflection.
  2. Amplified reflection.
  3. Double sided reflection. 
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20
Q

What is a simple reflection?

A

Repeating or rephrasing what the client has said in a brief and concise way 

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21
Q

What is an amplified reflection? 

A

Providing a direct and more exaggerated form of what the client has stated 

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22
Q

What is a double sided reflection?

A

Exploring the clients ambivalence by highlighting reasons he or she has given both for and against change 

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23
Q

What is self efficacy?

A

The degree to which an individual believes they can successfully perform a given behavior 

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24
Q

This type of coaching helps clients understand how beliefs and/or expectations affect experience (or feelings) in order to overcome perceived barriers for behavior change

A

Cognitive Behavioral Coaching

25
Q

What are the six principles of adult learning?

A
  1. They need to know why they need to learn some thing before they learn it.
  2. Self-concept is heavily dependent on autonomy and self-directedness of learning 
  3. Prior experiences are a significant resource
  4. Need to be in a stage of readiness to learn
  5. They typically become ready to learn when they experience a need to cope with a life situation or perform a task.
  6. Adult learners are internally motivated. 
26
Q

List and define the four domains of emotional intelligence

A
  1. Self-awareness: the ability to perceive emotions in oneself and others accurately
  2. Self- management: the ability to use emotions to facilitate thinking (high self management usually = high degree of self discipline and ability to focus)
  3. Social awareness: ability to understand emotions and the signals they convey. Empathy is a key attribute tied to this.
  4. Relationship management: the ability to manage emotions in order to attain specific goals. 
27
Q

List and define three types of empathy 

A
  1. Cognitive empathy: understanding what a client knows and understands
  2. Emotional empathy: being attuned to understanding what a client is feeling
  3. Empathic concern: the ability to sense what another person needs from you
28
Q

List and describe the five stages of change according to the transtheoretical model of behavior change.

A
  1. Precontemplation - no intention of changing
  2. Contemplation- considering making a change, possibly in the next six months
  3. Preparation- have decided to change and are preparing to begin
  4. Action- have moved forward with changing their behavior, but have not yet maintained it for six months
  5. Maintenance- have successfully changed their behavior for at least six months
29
Q

According to the health belief model, what are the four variables that influence a persons decision to change? 

A

Beliefs about the:
1. Perceived susceptibility of the health threat.
2. Perceived seriousness of the health threat.
3. Benefits of the health behavior
4. Barriers of the health behavior

30
Q

The concept of self efficacy originated from what behavior change theory? 

A

Social cognitive theory

31
Q

What is locus of control?

A

The extent to which people think things happen for internal versus external reasons 

32
Q

People who have repeatedly failed to change a behavior may experience what psychological state?

A

Learned helplessness 

33
Q

In contrast to other behavior change theories, this theory argues that peoples behavior shapes their attitudes 

A

Self perception theory

34
Q

What is the theory that focuses on different types of motivation that drive behavior?

A

Self-determination theory 

35
Q

List and describe the three most important factors that influence motivation according to self-determination theory.

A
  1. Autonomy - people need to feel they are acting of their own accord (not being forced)
  2. Competence - people need to feel competent in a particular behavior or activity
  3. Relatedness - people need to feel they belong in a particular group or place (i.e., positive connections)
36
Q

List and describe the six categories of motivation according to self determination theory 

A
  1. Intrinsic motivation - engaging in a behavior or activity because you genuinely enjoy it
  2. Integrated regulation - when a behavior and its goals have become integrated into your self-concept
  3. Identified regulation - engaging in a behavior or activity because it helps you reach a personally meaningful goal, even though they may not actually enjoy it
  4. Introjected regulation- when you engage in an activity because you think you should even though you don’t really want to
  5. External regulation - engaging in an activity because of external pressure to avoid punishment or gain rewards
  6. Amotivation- no motivation whatsoever



37
Q

Substituting healthier behaviors and cognitions for the unhealthy behavior is known as what 

A

Counterconditioning

38
Q

Experiencing negative emotions because the negative behavior is perceived to be problematic, then feeling relief from deciding to change is known as what

A

Dramatic relief

39
Q

Deciding to change and experiencing a new belief in the ability to change is known as what 

A

Self liberation 

40
Q

Increasing rewards for healthy behavior change and decreasing rewards for unhealthy behavior is known as what 

A

Reinforcement management 

41
Q

Removing reminders and cues to engage in unhealthy behaviors and replacing them with reminders/cues for healthy behavior

A

Stimulus control


42
Q

The model of health that emphasizes the interrelated biological, psychological and social components of health 

A

Biopsychosocial model of health 

43
Q

What academic discipline promotes the idea of moving away from focusing on a person’s deficits or fixing what is wrong with them to consciously nurturing and using one’s character strengths?

A

Positive psychology

44
Q

The transtheoretical model of behavior change was originally applied in what setting?

A

For smoking cessation and overcoming other addictions 

45
Q

What evidence-based approach to facilitating behavior change can be particularly helpful for people in the contemplation stage of change? 

A

Motivational interviewing 

46
Q

People in this stage of behavior change are ambivalent about change and still weighing the pros and cons

A

Contemplation 

47
Q

In what stage of behavioral change might you assist the client in identifying social support and establishing goals?

A

Preparation 

48
Q

You can usually get a sense of a clients stage of change by asking what kind of questions?

A

Open ended questions 

49
Q

List and explain four factors that influence self efficacy

A
  1. Mastery experiences - successful accomplishment of a task increases self efficacy
  2. Motivational models - seeing people similar to ourselves who are successful at tasks we are trying to master increases self efficacy
  3. Persuasive messages - when received from health coaches and others can enhance self efficacy but must be perceived to be realistic and sincere
  4. Stress arousal - people interpret stress symptoms as signs of inability so this is associated with decreased self efficacy
50
Q

According to this theory, most people have a tendency to attribute their own behavior to the situation, while attributing others behavior to personality 

A

Attribution theory

51
Q

Believing that failure is inevitable and attributing it to unchangeable and uncontrollable personal qualities 

A

Learned helplessness

52
Q

Too much of an external locus of control

A

Can create a sense of anger and blame directed at others

53
Q

Too much of an internal locus of control

A

Can create feelings of anger at oneself and low self-esteem 

54
Q

What is the theory that suggests different types of motivation that drive behavior 

A

Self-determination theory 

55
Q

As described by self-determination theory, which type of motivation is a form of autonomous motivation and the most effective type of motivation for behavior change? 

A

Intrinsic motivation

56
Q

What are two basic types of motivation according to self-determination theory?

A

Autonomous motivation and controlled motivation

57
Q

A type of motivation in which people feel as if they are behaving of their own free will 

A

Autonomous motivation 

58
Q

A type of motivation in which people are doing something because they feel pressured by demands from external forces 

A

Controlled motivation

59
Q

According to self-determination theory, what are two categories of motivation that feel fairly autonomous 

A

Integrated regulation and identified regulation

Health Coaching Exam (7 decks)

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